2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Challenge to the development of new treatments applying the enhancement of periodontal tissue regeneration by controlling stem cell aging

Research Project

PDF

Project/Area Number	18H02982
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 57040:Regenerative dentistry and dental engineering-related
Research Institution	Osaka University
Principal Investigator	Kitamura Masahiro 大阪大学, 歯学研究科, 准教授 (10243247)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	竹立匡秀大阪大学, 歯学部附属病院, 講師 (60452447) 村上伸也大阪大学, 歯学研究科, 教授 (70239490) 山下元三大阪大学, 歯学部附属病院, 講師 (90524984)
Project Period (FY)	2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Keywords	歯周組織再生 / ステムセルエイジング / 歯根膜細胞
Outline of Final Research Achievements	In this study, elucidating the aging mechanism of periodontal ligament stem cells at the molecular level, we investigated the possibility that aging control of stem cells enhances the effect of periodontal tissue regeneration. As a result, the analysis of the miRNA expression profile during the aging process of periodontal ligament cells revealed a relationship between the increased expression of miRNA-137 and the genes involved in delaying the processing of damaged mitochondria in the aged periodontal ligament cells. Furthermore, since a significant decrease in the expression of these genes was observed in periodontal ligament cells into which artificial microRNA-mimicking strands having a sequence homologous to miRNA-137 were introduced, it was suggested that the control of stem cell aging may enhance the regeneration effect of periodontal tissue.
Free Research Field	歯周病学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究により、miRNA-137と損傷ミトコンドリアの処理過程の遅延に関与する遺伝子群との関連性が明らかとなり、幹細胞のエネルギー代謝の中心となるミトコンドリア代謝の調節経路の異常が歯根膜細胞のステムセルエイジングに関与する可能性が示唆された。そして、miRNA-137などの人工microRNA模倣鎖を導入した歯根膜細胞において、損傷ミトコンドリアの標識と隔離膜への囲い込みに関与する遺伝子群の有意な発現減少が認められたことから、これらのmiRNAsを標的とするマイトファジー制御を基盤とする核酸治療薬がステムセルエイジング制御に有用である可能性が示唆された。