2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Preemptive Medicine to Solid Tumors based on Epigenomics

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	18H03554
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 90130:Medical systems-related
Research Institution	Kawasaki Medical School
Principal Investigator	NAGASAKA TAKESHI 川崎医科大学, 医学部, 准教授 (30452569)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	山口佳之川崎医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (10230377) 楳田祐三岡山大学, 大学病院, 講師 (10573735) 堅田洋佑川崎医科大学, 医学部, 助教 (20716881) 西田直生志近畿大学, 医学部, 准教授 (60281755) 堀田勝幸岡山大学, 大学病院, 教授 (70379816) 母里淑子埼玉医科大学, 医学部, 講師 (70708081)
Project Period (FY)	2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Keywords	検査・診断システム / 腫瘍検査学 / 生体情報・計測 / 先制医療 / エピゲノム / メチル化
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The selection of biomarkers and the development of technology for the detection of earlier stage of malignant neoplasm are the fundamental of innovative preemptive medicine. In this study, we could show that it is possible to screen gastrointestinal cancers from fecal DNA and lung cancers from sputum DNA by our optimized platform. In particular, we also presented that screening for gastrointestinal cancers, as well as and lung cancers, is possible with extremely high reproducibility even if different analysis techniques are used. The detection platform verified in this study could be a straightforward technology for preemptive medicine to screen high-risk patients with solid cancers by continuous screening of aberrant DNA methylation in feces and sputum.
Free Research Field	腫瘍検査学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	喀痰・便検体中に存在するであろう、極めて微量な腫瘍由来DNAを増幅・解析を、異なる手法を用いて行うことは、再現性を得ることができるのかどうかという不安が常に付きまとう。本研究成果により、喀痰・便検体中メチル化DNAによる癌スクリーニングは、例え、解析技術が異なっても、極めて高い再現性を示すということが示された。この事実は、喀痰・便検体中DNAは血液中循環腫瘍由来DNAと同様に解析可能なマテリアルであり、次世代Liquid biopsyを構築できることを示唆している。