2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Molecular mechanisms of condensins I and II

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	18H05276
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Review Section	Broad Section G
Research Institution	Institute of Physical and Chemical Research
Principal Investigator	Hirano Tatsuya 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 開拓研究本部, 主任研究員 (50212171)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	立川正志国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 数理創造プログラム, 客員研究員 (30556882)
Project Period (FY)	2018-06-11 – 2023-03-31
Keywords	細胞生物学 / 生化学 / 数理生物学 / 染色体 / 細胞分裂
Outline of Final Research Achievements	In many eukaryotic cells, two distinct condensin complexes (condensins I and II) cooperate to support mitotic chromosome assembly. To understand the molecular mechanisms of action of the two complexes, we performed a comprehensive set of functional analyses of recombinant complexes (wild type and various mutants) using frog egg extracts. As a result, we were able to identify functional similarities and differences between condensins I and II. We also found that an intrinsically disordered region unique to each complex is involved in phosphorylation-mediated cell cycle regulation. Mathematical modeling and simulations revealed the possibility that the superhelical tension introduced by condensins contributes to mitotic chromosome assembly.
Free Research Field	細胞生物学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究の成果は、分裂期染色体構築に中心的な役割を果たす２つのコンデンシン複合体の機能とその制御の理解に対して、実験と理論の両面から大きな貢献をするものである。本研究で得られた成果は、いずれも世界をリードするものであり、分裂期染色体構築を超えて周辺分野（例えばコヒーシンによる間期染色体構築）に対して大きなインパクトを与えるものである。その意味において学術的意義はきわめて大きい。