2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Interpretation of standard form contracts based on efficiency
| Project/Area Number |
18K01354
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 05060:Civil law-related
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| Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
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| Keywords | 約款解釈 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The theme of this study is the method of interpreting standard form contracts from the perspective of efficiency. It is efficient to realize what each party of the contract demands. So it is important to clarify the intention of contracting party. Because the preference of each person is different, it is difficult to interpret the contract in accordance with what is efficient for the parties when the intention is unclear. The courts are not able to decide what is efficient. Another approach from efficiency is considering the costs of interpreting contracts. The way of interpretation which reduces the costs serves efficiency. It is efficient to interpret the contract according to the method of interpretation which the parties select.
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| Free Research Field |
商法
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
効率性という視角が約款解釈において、どのような意味をもつかについては、従来、ほとんど論じられていなかったところ、その点について分析したところに意義がある。当事者の意思を明らかにするという従来の解釈方法は、考え方としては、効率性の観点からも妥当である。ただし、具体的に問題になるのは、当事者の意思が不明確な場合であり、そのときに直接に効率性の観点から契約の内容を画定することは困難である。しかし、解釈のコストという点で、効率性の観点を踏まえた解釈論を展開することができることを示した点に意義がある。
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