Elucidation of the genetic basis of the number of grains per spike toward barley productivity improvement

2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 18K05574
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 39010:Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
• Research Institution: Okayama University
• Principal Investigator: Saisho Daisuke 岡山大学, 資源植物科学研究所, 准教授 (90325126)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Keywords: オオムギ / 一穂粒数 / QTL

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Sustained improvement in productivity is necessary to achieve high quality and stable supply of agricultural production in the future. In this study, we aimed to identify the genetic basis for controlling the number of grains per spike for improving the yeild in domestic malting barley varieties.
QTL analysis of the number of grains per spike using segregating populations derived from a cross between 'Haruna Nijo' and 'Hayakiso 2' revealed that a large number of QTL with minor effects accumulate in the background of malting varieties to increase the number of grains per spike.
The heritability of the number of grains per spike is relative high (0.80-0.81), and breeding of the number of grains per spike in the domestic malting variety 'Haruna Nijo' is possible, but it is necessary to develop an alternative breeding method to the conventional pyramidal breeding.

Free Research Field

遺伝育種学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

農業生産の高品質，安定供給を将来にわたって実現するためには生産性の持続的成長が必要である．本研究では，国内産オオムギ醸造品種の一穂粒数改変に向けた一穂粒数を制御する遺伝基盤を明らかにすることを目的に研究に取り組んだ．
国内産醸造品種「はるな二条」を使った一穂粒数の遺伝解析の結果，醸造用品種の背景では微小な効果を持つ多数の遺伝子が集積して一穂粒数を増加させることが明らかになった．
一穂粒数の遺伝率は高く（0.80-0.81），国内産醸造品種「はるな二条」の一穂粒数の育種的な改変は可能であるが，従来型のピラミッド型育種に変わる育成手法の開発が必要である．