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2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Intracellular localization of sulfolipids in Entamoeba

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 18K07087
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 49040:Parasitology-related
Research InstitutionSaga University

Principal Investigator

Mi-ichi Fumika (三田村文香)  佐賀大学, 医学部, 講師 (70576818)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywords赤痢アメーバ / シスト形成 / 含硫脂質代謝
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, causes amoebiasis, which is a global public health problem. We previously showed that cholesteryl sulfate (CS) plays an important role in Entamoeba encystation, a cell differentiation process from proliferative trophozoite into dormant cyst (Mi-ichi et al, PNAS 2015).
In this project, we analyzed the cellular localization of CS and its precious role during Entamoeba encystation using in vitro cultures of Entamoeba invadens as a E. histolytica model. Results showed that CS induced and maintained encysting cells as spherical maturing cysts in a dose-dependent manner. CS-treatment also caused time- and dose-dependent development of membrane impermeability in encysting cells via induction of de novo synthesis of dihydroceramides containing very long N-acyl chains(Mi-ichi et al, mSphere 2021; Mi-ichi et al, mSphere, 2022). Hence, these results indicate that CS-mediated morphological and physiological changes is necessary to form mature cysts.

Free Research Field

分子寄生虫学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究ではコレステロール硫酸が赤痢アメーバのシスト形成において、細胞膜に直接作用して細胞の球形化を誘導し、シスト壁形成の完了に繋がること、細胞膜の透過性を低下させ、成熟シストが乾燥耐性を獲得することを見出した。シストは寄生原虫が次の宿主へと到達するための必須形態であり、その形成過程の分子機構の解明は「寄生適応」という観点から寄生虫学の中心命題の1つである。一方で、休眠化は宿主への感染メカニズムを解き明かすことに繋がる。以上のことから、本研究によって得られた成果は赤痢アメーバの寄生適応戦略を解明する基礎研究としての意義と社界的意義があると考えている。

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Published: 2023-01-30   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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