Exploratory study of urinary shedding products as a biomarker for lung cancer

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 18K08148
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 53030:Respiratory medicine-related
• Research Institution: University of Miyazaki
• Principal Investigator: Matsumoto Nobuhiro 宮崎大学, 医学部, 助教 (70418838)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Keywords: 肺癌 / 扁平上皮癌 / シェディング / マーカー

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to search for novel diagnostic markers by comprehensive analysis of shedding substances in urine for detecting of early-stage squamous cell lung cancer. We identified several fragments (shedding substances) that were abnormally cleaved by excessive enzyme activity derived from cancer cells, and analyzed their clinical significance as tumor markers. We identified 58 candidate markers that met the criteria of ROC-AUC > 0.6 in urine from patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma. Analysis of urinary shedding material from separately collected lung squamous cell carcinomas identified shedding material X, with a molecular weight of approximately 1800, as a protein fragment that is upregulated in both early and advanced stage lung squamous cell carcinomas.

Free Research Field

呼吸器

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

我が国における肺癌の死亡数は年間約７万人を超え、悪性腫瘍による死亡数の多くを占める。尿は最も簡便に得られる生体試料で、癌早期発見を目的とする検診の効率化には最適の検体である。非侵襲的に回収が可能な生体試料である尿を用いて、新規のがん検診法を確立することは、検診の受診促進に貢献できる。本研究で得られた成果を用いて、早期肺癌の検出技術の向上を目指す。