2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Development of novel evaluation method to investigate lung carcinogenicity by a comprehensive analysis of drug-metabolizing enzyme expressions in human bronchial epithelium.
| Project/Area Number |
18K08805
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 55040:Respiratory surgery-related
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| Research Institution | Hyogo Medical University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
後藤 章暢 兵庫医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (70283885)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
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| Keywords | 肺癌 / 喫煙 / 気管支上皮 / 発癌物質代謝酵素 / チトクロームP450 / 癌幹細胞 / アルデヒド脱水素酵素1 / p53 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in Japan. Lung cancer may be a preventable disease since many forms of this cancer are developed due to a longstanding exposure to inhaled carcinogens. In 48 adenocarcinoma patients, we investigate the drug-metabolizing enzyme (Cytochrome P450: CYP) expressions (CYP1A1, CYP2A6 and CYP2E1) of bronchial epithelium and their relationships to each other and clinical features of the patients. In addition, we investigate the expressions of cancer stem cell marker (aldehyde dehydrogenase-1: ALDH1) and p53 tumor suppressor gene in 183 adenocarcinoma patients. And we evaluate their relationships to clinical features. Thus, studies of the drug-metabolizing enzyme expressions of bronchial epithelium and cancer stem cell marker in tumor tissues will enable us to research the method of cancer prevention and mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
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| Free Research Field |
分子疫学, 分子腫瘍学、労働衛生学、呼吸器外科学、胸部外科学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究により、肺癌リスクのバイオマーカーである発癌物質代謝酵素(CYP1A1・CYP2A6・CYP2E1)発現を気管支上皮(BE)で検出することで、BEにどの程度の発がん物質の暴露があったか推定可能になった。このため、①各人の「環境要因・生活習慣要因・宿主要因」を考慮した生活環境の整備や、②個人に則した肺癌発生を予防効果として、社会的に貢献すると考えられる。
さらに、肺腺癌における癌幹細胞マーカー(aldehyde dehydrogenase-1：ALDH1)と癌抑制遺伝子(p53)の発現を検討することで、肺腺癌の発癌メカニズムの解明や悪性度の精密な評価の一助となることを示した。
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