Comparative Legal Studies about the New Idea of Regulation and the Reconstruction of the Concept of Employment Contracts

2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 18K12653
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 05040:Social law-related
• Research Institution: Senshu University (2019-2020); The University of Kitakyushu (2018)
• Principal Investigator: ISHIDA SHINPEI 専修大学, 法務研究科, 教授 (20506513)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Keywords: 労働者概念 / worker概念 / 労働契約 / クラウドワーク

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, I explored the coverage of the regulation of employment contracts from the historical and philosophical point of view. Although the concept of employee and worker have evolved intricately depending on the condition of the time, the concept of worker has been characterized by only personal work in contrast to employees or servants characterized by the existence of mutual obligation and control or exclusive service in addition to personal work. As such Personality in work can be the normative idea of regulating employment contracts but the modern form of the concept of worker has been interpreted narrowly by courts in the UK.

Free Research Field

労働法

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

我が国の労働契約規制の適用対象については、使用者による労働者の指揮命令が重視されてきた。しかし近時では、たとえば、クラウドワーカーなど、使用者の指揮命令を受けずに就労する者にも労働法の適用が必要な場合があることが意識されつつある。イギリス労働法におけるworker概念は、本人自身による就労（非代替的就労）に労働法規制を適用することを軸とする考え方であり、我が国の労働法規制の適用対象問題について一定の知見を提供するものであると考えられる。