2020 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report
Multifaceted favoritism from longitudinal view
| Project/Area Number |
18K12784
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| Research Institution | Asian Growth Research Institute |
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Principal Investigator |
ヴ マン・ティエン 公益財団法人アジア成長研究所, 研究部, 上級研究員 (80734045)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | Inequality / Favoritism / Place-based policy / Firm / Household / Politician / Industrial zone / Development |
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| Outline of Annual Research Achievements |
We examined the inequality in three additional dimensions.
First, as for political favoritism, using an unbalanced panel of 539 Vietnamese districts from 2000 to 2010 and the corresponding politicians’ profiles, we examine firm behavior in response to favoritism by top-ranking politicians towards their districts of birth. Results show that the number of firms tend to increase in the home districts of politicians after they assume office. This favoritism is particularly pronounced for private domestic firms, construction firms, and rural areas. However, state-owned firms are indifferent. We discuss the non-response of state-owned firms, potential mechanisms, and channels behind the statistical results.
Second, as for place-based policy, we examined the effects of Vietnamese enterprise zones, under the initiative of the central government, on local businesses across different types of ownership of the zone infrastructure developers (ZIDs). We constructed a panel of communes during 2000-2007 using data on zone-based firms, local firms, and zones. We found that the zones led to an increased number of firms and employment in the communes hosting the zones, even after excluding zone-based firms. Our findings also suggested that private partnerships in ZIDs worked best in attracting firms to the zones. The spatial spillover effects of the zones occurred up to a distance of 14 km.
Third, as for gender inequality within the household, we showed that temporary Vietnamese female migrants are associated with a higher probability of undertaking housework by male members left behind.
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