2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Mechanism and physilogical significance of tissue damage-independent glucosinolate breakdown in plants
| Project/Area Number |
18K14348
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 37020:Chemistry and chemical methodology of biomolecules-related
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| Research Institution | Chiba University (2022-2023)
Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (2018-2019) |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-11-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | グルコシノレート / メタボロミクス / 二次代謝 / 同位体ラベル / 統合オミクス解析 / ストレス応答 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Glucosinolate (GLS) is a class of plant defense chemicals which releases toxic volatiles such as isothiocyanates upon tissue damage. Such breakdown products function as defense chemicals against herbivores as well as broad biotic/abiotic stress factors while the mechanism underlying GLS degradation independent of tissue damage remained unclear. During the grant suppport, we revealed the following points:
1) Arabidopsis thaliana can utilize glucosinolates as the sole sulfur source; 2) the sulfur atom forming the thioglucosidic bond is catabolized back into sulfur-containing primary metabolites such as cysteine; 3) BGLU28 and BGLU30 are the key enzymes responsible for GLS breakdown under sulfur deficiency. These findings demonstrate the bidirectional interaction between primary and specialized metabolism in plants.
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| Free Research Field |
天然物化学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
二次代謝産物が一次代謝へとリサイクルされる可能性は古くは1980年代に指摘があるが，実験的に証明されはじめたのはごく最近であり，本発見は，体内に蓄えた二次代謝産物を栄養源として分解・再利用するシステムが植物に備わっている生化学的根拠を明確に示した初の事例である。一方通行と考えられている一次代謝と二次代謝の関係に一石を投じたことで大きなインパクトを与え、PNAS誌に掲載された。化合物を「作る」生合成経路だけでなく、化合物を「減らす」代謝フローにも目を向けることで、植物体内での複雑な物質生産制御機構やその意義のさらなる理解につながると期待される。
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