Enhancement of anti-tumor immunity by the promortion of the tumor infiltration of CD103+ dendritic cells

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 18K14598
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 42020:Veterinary medical science-related
• Research Institution: Rakuno Gakuen University (2021-2022); Osaka Ohtani University (2018-2020)
• Principal Investigator: Moriya Taiki 酪農学園大学, 獣医学群, 講師 (30759759)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: CD103+樹状細胞 / 腫瘍免疫 / KiKGR / XCR1 / XCL1

Outline of Final Research Achievements

CD103+ dendritic cells (cDC1) are important for antigen presentation to anti-tumor CD8+T cells. Initially, we attempted to detect molecules that are specifically expressed on the tumor remaining cDC1 but were unable to identify them. However, when tumor cells that overexpressing XCL1, a ligand for XCR1, a chemokine receptor specifically expressed on cDC1, were inoculated, we found enhancement of cDC1 infiltration in the tumor and CD8+ T cell proliferation in the tumor-draining lymph nodes (tdLNs), the site of antigen presentation. These results suggested that enhancement of cDC1 infiltration into the tumor may lead to enhanced anti-tumor immune response through the promotion of the induction of anti-tumor CD8+T cells in the tdLNs.

Free Research Field

腫瘍免疫学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究遂行により、当初目標とした抗腫瘍CD8+T細胞の誘導に重要なcDC1が腫瘍に留まるために利用する分子の同定には至らなかったが、腫瘍内XCL1増加によりcDC1の腫瘍浸潤が増強し,腫瘍所属リンパ節内でのCD8+T細胞の増加につながる可能性が示された。XCL1-XCR1ケモカインシステムはマウス、ヒトのみならず、イヌなどその他の種にも存在することから、医学、獣医学領域でのより効率的な抗腫瘍CD8+T細胞の誘導を介した免疫療法の開発、改善のための重要な知見となると考えている。