2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Mechanisms of low-dose/low-dose-rate radiation-induced cardiovascular disease
| Project/Area Number |
18K18194
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 63020:Radiation influence-related
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| Research Institution | Hiroshima University |
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Principal Investigator |
Zaharieva Elena 広島大学, 原爆放射線医科学研究所, 研究員 (30766697)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
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| Keywords | chronic radiation / low dose/low dose rate / endothelial cells / cardiovascular disease / atherosclerosis / monocyte adhesion |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The purpose of the current project is to advance the assessment of radiation-associated cardiovascular risk at low doses and dose rates, and to elucidate its molecular mechanisms.
Our data imply that the endothelial lining of blood vessels is a critical target of radiation. Following low and moderate dose/dose rate radiation exposure, endothelial cells exhibited pro-inflammatory changes and cellular senescence with acquisition of robust Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP). By using an in vitro co-culture method, we provide evidence for focal accumulation of monocytes on the surface of senescent endothelial cells, which was dependent on both the growth arrest and SASP components of the senescence program. In vivo experiments in a mouse model of atherosclerosis also suggest changes in the SASP profile and aortic morphology after irradiation. We propose that senescence-facilitated endothelial-monocyte affinity is an important step in atherosclerosis initiation by radiation.
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| Free Research Field |
Radiation biology
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
心血管疾患（CVD）は、世界的に主要な死因である。これまでの疫学研究から、放射線被曝が、しきい値無し直線的関係でCVDを誘発する可能性が強く示唆されている。福島原発事故後の健康への社会不安を踏まえ、放射線被曝による心血管系への放射線のリスクを評価し、そのメカニズムを解明することは急務であると言える。本研究は、内皮細胞の老化誘導と機能障害が放射線によるアテローム性動脈硬化症の発症の根本的原因である可能性を示唆する実験結果を提供している。本研究成果は、心血管系への放射線リスクを評価し、CVD予防の標的を特定するための将来的な研究の起点となるものと考える。
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