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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Elucidation of the mechanism underlying DNA replication stress response regulating genomic instability

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 18KK0235
Research Category

Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Fostering Joint International Research (B))

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 50:Oncology and related fields
Research InstitutionNational Cancer Center Japan

Principal Investigator

Shiotani Bunsyo  国立研究開発法人国立がん研究センター, 研究所, ユニット長 (10627665)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 中田 慎一郎  大阪大学, 高等共創研究院, 教授 (70548528)
安原 崇哲  東京大学, 大学院医学系研究科(医学部), 助教 (90757056)
Project Period (FY) 2019-02-07 – 2023-03-31
KeywordsDNA複製ストレス / ゲノム不安定性 / RNA転写 / ヘテロクロマチン / ATR / PrimPol / KRAS / 肺がん
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Genomic instability is a necessary property for the acquisition of gene mutations, deletions, amplifications, and translocations during tumor development process of normal cells and is one of the Hallmarks of cancer that is observed in almost all cancer cells. The present study demonstrated that oncogenic KRASG12V expression promotes transcription-dependent heterochromatinization of genomic DNA, which induces DNA replication stress, and that elevated expression of ATR, a DNA replication stress response factor, regulates DNA replication stress tolerance and leads to clonal expansion while acquiring genomic instability due to mutant KRASG12V. Furthermore, we found that high ATR expression is associated with poor prognosis of KRAS mutant lung cancers.

Free Research Field

分子細胞生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

変異型KRASG12V による転写依存的なヘテロクロマチン形成によってDNA複製ストレス要因となること、またATR-PrimPol依存的なDNA複製ストレス耐性によってヘテロクロマチン近傍で再プライミングが生じDNA複製を継続するが、同時に脆弱なssDNA露出を引き起こすことによってゲノム不安定性を誘発することを明らかにしたことにより、非遺伝性がんにおける高頻度ながんゲノム不安定性誘発メカニズムの一端が解明された学術的意義は大きい。またこの成果は変異型KRAS肺がん患者におけるATRシグナル経路を標的とする新規治療法の開発が期待され、社会的波及効果も大きい。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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