2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Concurrent achievement of monoculture and soil biodiversity by grafting
Project/Area Number |
18KT0040
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Section | 特設分野 |
Research Field |
Agricultural Resources for the Next Generation
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Research Institution | Nagoya University |
Principal Investigator |
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Project Period (FY) |
2018-07-18 – 2021-03-31
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Keywords | 接木 / トランスクリプトーム解析 / 接木関連遺伝子 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Plant grafting is generally performed between closely related species. Recently, we have discovered that Nicotiana species of Solanaceae show the ability to graft with distantly related plant species beyond the family. Graft adhesion with diverse angiosperms by Nicotiana species was probably facilitated by the secretion of a subclade of b-1,4-glucanases. The capability of interfamily grafting was also found in the model Orobanchaceae hemiparasitic plant, Phtheirospermum japonicum, which naturally invades to the tissues of host plants of different families. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the same clade of b-1,4-glucanase plays an important role in plant parasitism. Thus, the tissue adhesion between distant plant species occurs both naturally and artificially.
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Free Research Field |
植物科学、農学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
異科接木技術に関しては、生物学的な研究によって現象の理解を徹底して進めており、これまでに鍵となる分子の同定にも成功した。科学的な知見を、技術の改善につなげる技術開発では、接着力を高める効果も認められており、今後は実用に向けた技術改良が期待される。接木は、農作物の性能を“直ちに”向上させる技術であり、その組み合わせ次第で現代社会が直面する様々な農業上の課題に対応可能なポテンシャルを持つ。また、植物科学の観点でも、接木は植物免疫や植物の再生といった現象に深く関係しており、本研究で得られたデータから今後の研究で重要な知見が一挙に広がる可能性がある。
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