短期乾燥が熱帯雨林生態系に与える影響に関する野外操作実験

2008 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19255006
• Research Institution: Tohoku University
• Principal Investigator: 中静 透 Tohoku University, 大学院・生命科学研究科, 教授 (00281105)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 熊谷 朝臣 九州大学, 農学研究科, 准教授 (50304770) ; 酒井 章子 京都大学, 生態学研究センター, 准教授 (30361306) ; 中川 弥智子 名古屋大学, 生命農学研究科, 准教授 (70447837) ; 市榮 智明 高知大学, 農学部, 准教授 (80403872) ; 市岡 孝朗 京都大学, 人間環境学研究科, 准教授 (40252283)
• Keywords: 熱帯雨林 / 短期乾燥 / 一斉開花 / 降水遮断 / フタバガキ科 / 気候変化 / 操作実験 / 生態系変動

Research Abstract

昨年の実験は、乾燥の効果は見られたが、開花に至る効果としては弱かったため、今年度は水ポテンシャルをモニタリングしながら、情況に合わせて乾燥処理を継続する方法に改めた。2008年9月に対象木の選定を行い、降水遮断実験を行った。今年度は、林冠アクセス可能で同種の林冠木を6個体選定し、3個体を降水遮断実験、3個体をコントロールとして、2008年11月に降水遮断装置を開始した。降水遮断装置は、木製のフレームとビニールシートを用いた傘状の構造をもち、数ヶ月の使用に耐える一時的工作物として作成した。設置前から、設置後にかけて、以下の観測を行ってきた。
(1) 調査対象木の周辺で、降水遮断前後の林床に達する降水量をモニタリングした。
(2) 栄養塩および炭水化物濃度を樹木の各部位でモニタリングした。
(3) 土壌水分、蒸散速度、水ポテンシャル、樹幹流遠などのモニタリングを開始した。
(4) 展葉にともなう食葉性昆虫をモニタリングした。
(5) 落葉量、土壌水分、分解速度のモニタリングを開始した。
これまでに、処理木の3個体で開花が観察されたが、樹冠全体に開花したのは1個体だけで、他2個体の開花情況は弱い。一方、非処理木では、開花はほとんどみられない。土壌水分および樹木の水ポテンシャルは、処理効果が確実に現れている。栄養塩および炭水化物については分析中である。2009年5月までに今年度の実験結果を整理し、処理の効果を検証するワークショップを開催する予定である。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Immature stages and biology of Bornean Arhopala butterflies (Lenidontera, Lvcaenidae) feeding on mvrmeconhvtic Macaranga (2009)
  • Author(s): Okubo, T., Yago, M. and Itioka, T
  • Journal Title: Immature stages and biology of Bornean Arhopala butterflies (Lenidontera, Lvcaenidae) feeding on mvrmeconhvtic Macaranga 60(1) Pages: 37-51
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Butterflies collected in and around Lambir Hills National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia in Borneo (2009)
  • Author(s): Itioka, T., Yamamoto, T., Tzuchiya, T., Okubo, T., Yago, M., Seki, Y., Ohshima, Y., Katsuyama, R., Chiba, H. and Yata, O
  • Journal Title: Contributions from the Biological Laboratory Kyoto University 30(1) Pages: 25-68
• [Journal Article] Effects of forest use on Aphyllophoraceous fungal community structure in Sarawak, Malaysia (2008)
  • Author(s): Yamashita. S, Hattori. T, Momose. K, Nakagawa. M, Aiba. M & Nakashizuka. T
  • Journal Title: Biotropica 40 Pages: 354-362
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Documenting the effect of foundress number in a deoecious fig, Ficus fistulosa (2008)
  • Author(s): Katabuchi, M., Harrison, R. D., & Nakashizuka, T
  • Journal Title: Biotropicqa 40 Pages: 457-461
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Leaf herbivory and decomposability in a malaysian tropical rain forest (2008)
  • Author(s): Katabuchi, M., Isagi, Y., & Nakashizuka, T
  • Journal Title: Molecular Ecology Resources 8 Pages: 840-842
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Development of 17 microsatellite markers for Ceratosolen donstrictus the nollinating fig wasn of Ficus fistulosa (2008)
  • Author(s): Kurokawa, H. & Nakashizuka, T
  • Journal Title: Ecology 89 Pages: 2645-2656
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Characteristith of soil CO2 efflux variability in an aseasonal tropical rainforest in Borneo Island (2008)
  • Author(s): Ohashi, M., Kumagai, T., Kume, T., Gyokusen, K., Saitoh. T. M. and Suzuki, M
  • Journal Title: Biogeochemistry 90(3) Pages: 275-289
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Estimation of vertical profiles of leaf drying times after rainf all within a Bornean tropical rainforest (2008)
  • Author(s): Kume, T., Manfroi, O. J., Suzuki, M., Tanaka, K., Kuraji, K., Nakagawa, M., Komatsu, H. and Kumagai, T
  • Journal Title: Hydrological Processes 22(18) Pages: 3698-3696
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Estimation of canopy water storage capacity from sap flow measurements in a Bornean tropical rainforest (2008)
  • Author(s): Kume, T., Manfroi, O. J., Kuraji, K., Tanaka, N., Horiuchi, T., Suzuki, M. and Kumagai, T
  • Journal Title: Journal of Hydrology 354(3-4) Pages: 288-295
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Beta-diversity of lepidopteran larval communities in a Japanese temperate forest : effects of phenology and tree species (2008)
  • Author(s): Murakami, M., Ichie T. and Hirao T
  • Journal Title: Ecological Research 23(1) Pages: 179-187
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Photosynthetic water use efficiency in tree crowns of Shorea beccariana and Dryobalhnops aromatica in a tropical rain forest in Sarawak, East Malaysia (2008)
  • Author(s): Kitahashi, Y., Ichie, T., Maruyama, Y., Kenzo, T., Kitaoka, S, Matsuki, S., Chong, L., Nakashizuka, T. and Koike
  • Journal Title: Photosynthetica 46(1) Pages: 151-155
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 葉面積指数・光合成有効放射の鉛直プロファイル計測による熱帯雨林の光環境解析 (2008)
  • Author(s): 吉村充則, 山下恵, 市栄智明
  • Journal Title: 写真測量とリモートセンシング 147(3) Pages: 15-22
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Consequences of a severe drought associated with an El Nino-Southern Oscillation on a light-attracted leaf-beetle (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) assemblage in Borneo (2008)
  • Author(s): Kishimoto-Yamada, K. and Itioka, T
  • Journal Title: Journal of Tropical Ecology 24 Pages: 229-233
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Survival of flower-visiting chrysomelids during non general-flowering periods in Bornean dipterocarp forests (2008)
  • Author(s): Kishimoto-Yamada, K. and Itioka, T
  • Journal Title: Biotropica 40(5) Pages: 600-606
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Feeding preferences of phasmids in a Bornean dipterocarp forest (2008)
  • Author(s): Junker, R. R., Itioka, T., Bragg, P. E. and Bluthgen, N
  • Journal Title: Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 56(2) Pages: 235-242
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Demography of the Okinawan eusocial wasp Ropalidia fasciata (Hymenoptera : Vespidae) II. Effects of foundress group size on survival rates of colonies and foundresses, and production of progeny (2008)
  • Author(s): Ito, Y. and Itioka, T
  • Journal Title: Entomological Science 11 Pages: 17-30
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Population fluctuations of light-attracted chrysomelid beetles in relation to supra-annual environmental changes in a Bornean rainforest (2008)
  • Author(s): Kishimoto-Yamada, K., Itioka, T., Sakai, S., Momose, K., Nagamitsu, T., Kaliang, H., Meleng, P., Chong, L., Karim, A. A. H., Yamane, S., Kato, M., Reid, C. A. M., Nakashizuka, T. and Inoue, T
  • Journal Title: Bulletin of Entomological Research 98 Pages: 1-11
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] An ancient tripartite symbiosis of plants, ants and scale insects (2008)
  • Author(s): Ueda, S., Quek, S-P., Itioka, T., Inamori, K., Sato, Y. and Murase, K. and Itino, T
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of the Royal Society B 275 Pages: 2319-2326
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 温暖化にともなう生物多様性変化の観測に関するとりくみ (2008)
  • Author(s): 中静透
  • Journal Title: 森林科学 55 Pages: 23-27
• [Journal Article] 森林の生物多様性アセスメントはどのようにおこなうべきか (2008)
  • Author(s): 中静透・市川昌広
  • Journal Title: 海外の森林と林業 72 Pages: 9-14
• [Journal Article] 数年に一度起こる森のお祭り"一斉開花" (2008)
  • Author(s): 中川弥智子
  • Journal Title: 森林科学 55 Pages: 36-39
• [Presentation] The rich acarofauna on Viburnum erosum var. punctatum (2008)
  • Author(s): Sudo M, Nishida S, Itioka T
  • Organizer: 2008日韓合同ダニ学会議(第17回日本ダニ学会大会)
  • Place of Presentation: 慶州, 韓国
  • Year and Date: 20081009-10
• [Presentation] ボルネオ低地熱帯雨林の着生植物に共生するシリアゲアリ(Crematogaster difformis)の植食者制御効果 (2008)
  • Author(s): 田中洋・乾陽子・市岡孝朗
  • Organizer: 日本昆虫学会第68回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 香川大学, 高松
  • Year and Date: 20080914-16
• [Presentation] オオバギ属植物の化学防衛とアリ防衛がムラサキツバメ属シジミチョウの食草利用に与える影響 (2008)
  • Author(s): 大久保忠浩・市岡孝朗
  • Organizer: 日本昆虫学会第68回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 香川大学, 高松
  • Year and Date: 20080914-16
• [Presentation] Morphological diversity and ecological distribution of stomata in various tree species of Malaysian lowland tropical rainforest (2008)
  • Author(s): Ichie, T., Tanahashi, N. and Kenzo, T
  • Organizer: The Annual Meeting of the Association for Tronical Biology and Conservation
  • Place of Presentation: Paramaribo, Suriname
  • Year and Date: 20080609-13
• [Presentation] Effects of severe ENSO-related drought on insect diversity and abundance in the Southeast Asian tropics (2008)
  • Author(s): Itioka, T., Kishimoto-Yamada. K., Yamauti, M
  • Organizer: The Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, "Past and Recent History of Tropical Ecosystems : Cross-Continental Comparisons and Lessons for the Future"
  • Place of Presentation: Paramaribo, Suriname
  • Year and Date: 20080609-13
• [Presentation] Effect of forest use on trophic levels of small mammals : an analysis using stable isotopes (2008)
  • Author(s): Michiko Nakagawa, Fujio Hyodo, Tohru Nakashizuka
  • Organizer: ATBC, Asia-Pacific chapter
  • Place of Presentation: Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • Year and Date: 20080423-26
• [Presentation] Changes of tropical rain forests caused by indigenous activities and forest uses of indigenous people : a case study in Iban villages in Sarawak, East Malaysia (2008)
  • Author(s): Masahiro Ichikawa, Kuniyasu Mmomose, Takao Itioka, Michiko Nakagawa
  • Organizer: ATBC, Asia-Pacific chapter
  • Place of Presentation: Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • Year and Date: 20080423-26
• [Presentation] How dose the flowering magnitude affect seed survivorship at pre-dispersal stage of Shorea pilosa (Dipterocarpaceae)? (2008)
  • Author(s): Yuji Tokumoto, Michinari Matsushita, Michiko Nakagawa
  • Organizer: ATBC, Asia-Pacific chapter
  • Place of Presentation: Kuching, Sarawak
  • Year and Date: 20080423-26
• [Presentation] The biomass balance between ant, homopteran, and plant in Macaranga myrmecophytism. A conference of the Association for Tronical Biology & Conservation (2008)
  • Author(s): Handa, C., Kenzo, T., Ichie, T. and Itioka, T
  • Organizer: Asia-Pacific Chapter and the Japanese Societv for Tropical Ecology
  • Place of Presentation: Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • Year and Date: 20080423-26
• [Presentation] The biomasi balance between ant, homopteran, and plant in Macaranga myrmecophytism (2008)
  • Author(s): Handa C, Tanaka K, Inoue Y, Yoneyama A, Ichie T, Itioka T
  • Organizer: The 2nd Annual Meeting of the ATBC (Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation) Asia-Pacific chapter, "Towards sustainable land-use in the tropical Asia-Pacific region"
  • Place of Presentation: Kuching, Malaysia
  • Year and Date: 20080423-26
• [Presentation] Thirty years of change in. beech (Fagus crenata) seedling bank after simultaneous death of dwarf bamboo (2008)
  • Author(s): Nakashizuka, T
  • Organizer: Abstract of The 8th IUFRO International Beech Symposium "Ecology and Silviculfure of Beech p.40
  • Place of Presentation: Nanae, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2008-09-10
• [Presentation] Current discussion on climate change adaptation in Japan (2008)
  • Author(s): Nakashizuka, T
  • Organizer: ILTER Annual Meeting 2008 (invited)
  • Place of Presentation: Stara Lesna, Slovakia
  • Year and Date: 2008-08-22
• [Presentation] Biodiversity assessment for regional forest planning (2008)
  • Author(s): Nakashizuka, T
  • Organizer: IUFRO-SPDC Training Workshop (invited)
  • Place of Presentation: Umea, Sweden
  • Year and Date: 2008-08-22
• [Book] 捕食寄生者-寄主系の精密度安定化機構「生物問相互作用と害虫管理」 (2009)
  • Author(s): 市岡孝朗・松本崇
  • Total Pages: 44-68
  • Publisher: 京都大学学術出版会(安田弘法・城所隆・田中幸一編)
• [Book] 環境と生態系 : なぜ熱帯雨林を守らなければならないのか「地球環境学へのアプローチ」 (2008)
  • Author(s): 市岡孝朗
  • Total Pages: 190-204
  • Publisher: 丸善(京都大学地球環境学研究会編)