カンボジアのアンコール遺跡区域における環境破壊・汚染の現状と影響評価

2008 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19404003
• Research Institution: Kanazawa University
• Principal Investigator: 塚脇 真二 Kanazawa University, 環日本海域環境研究センター, 准教授 (00222133)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 古内 正美 金沢大学, 環境デザイン学系, 教授 (70165463) ; 高原 利幸 金沢大学, 環境デザイン学系, 助教 (20324098) ; 平吹 喜彦 東北学院大学, 教養学部, 教授 (50143045) ; 竹林 洋史 京都大学, 防災研究所附属流域災害研究センター, 准教授 (70325249) ; 石川 俊之 滋賀県琵琶湖・環境科学研究センター, 琵琶湖研究部門, 研究員 (50396313)
• Keywords: カンボジア / アンコール遺跡 / 環境汚染・環境破壊 / 環境政策 / 大気汚染 / 森林破壊 / 世界遺産 / 水質汚濁

Research Abstract

カンボジア社会が発展するにつれて顕在化してきた自然環境の汚染や破壊について,観光産業が著しい勢いで発達し自然環境や地域住民,世界遺産への影響が懸念されているアンコール遺跡区域を対象に,汚染や破壊の特性を定量的に評価し,その結果にもとづきこれらを軽減させるための基礎資料を作成することが本研究の目的である.
2年計画の2年目となる本年度は,前年度にひきつづいて大気環境,森林環境,水・河川環境の3グループに分かれ,アンコール遺跡整備機構水資源部門と密接に連携しつつ,年度前半の雨季であるとともに観光ローシーズンとなる6ヶ月間は観測と調査をそれぞれのグループで実施した.概要は以下のとおりである.(1) 大気環境グループ:前年度にひきつづき大気汚染がとくに著しいアンコールトム南門やシェムリアプ市内などの定点および発生源での大気汚染観測と汚染源の特定を実施した.(2) 森林環境グループ:前年度にひきつづいてプラ・カーン遺跡での毎木調査や希少薬用植物の調査,持続的マネジメントにむけての解析を実施した.(3) 水・河川環境グループ:前年度にひきつづいてシェムリアプ川の流量調査や河川断面の測量,水質調査,プランクトンの調査を定期的に実施するとともにアンコールワット環壕などの遺跡区域内水域における水質調査やプランクトン/魚類相調査を実施した.
そして,年度後半には補足的な現地調査を行うとともにこれまでの観測・調査結果をとりまとめ,それらを総括する国際シンポジウムおよび国際研究セミナーを,シェムリアプ市のUNESCO/JASAホールおよび首都プノンペンのカンボジア工科大学にてそれぞれ2009年3月に開催し,研究成果のカンボジア社会への還元をはかった.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Herbaceous aquatic vegetation in Lake Tonle Sap at peak flooding : a case study at Chong Khnies, southern Siem Reap (2009)
  • Author(s): Hirabuki Y., Araki, Y., Doumg, P., Tsukawaki, S., Suzuki, K., Im, S., Chay, R.
  • Journal Title: Faculty of Liberal Arts Review, Tohoku Gakuin University 152 Pages: 57-68
• [Journal Article] カンボジア・トンレサツプ湖における水温特性について (2009)
  • Author(s): 大八木英夫, 遠藤修一, 奥村康昭, 塚脇真二, 森和紀
  • Journal Title: 日本大学文理学部自然科学研究所研究紀要 44 Pages: 167-176
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] カンボジア, トンレサップ湖の浸水林と人々の暮らし (2008)
  • Author(s): 荒木祐二, 鈴木邦雄
  • Journal Title: Japan InfoMAB (News Letter on MAB Activities in Japan) 33 Pages: 6-8
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] アンコール遺跡に生残する樹木の個体群構造と空間分布の景観生態学的評価 (2008)
  • Author(s): 富田瑞樹, 平吹喜彦, 荒木祐二, Ly Bora, 塚脇真二, Hang Peou
  • Journal Title: 地理情報システム学会講演論文集 17 Pages: 493-496
• [Journal Article] カンボジアの自然環境と環境保全-トンレサツプ湖の自然環境調査およびアンコール遺跡の環境保全調査から- (2008)
  • Author(s): 塚脇真二
  • Journal Title: 電力土木 355 Pages: 3-9
• [Journal Article] A new method for temperature compensation of electrical conductivity usingtemperature-fold dependency od fresh water (2008)
  • Author(s): Endoh, S., Tsuji, S., Kawashima, K., Okumura, Y.
  • Journal Title: Limnology 9 Pages: 159-161
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] アンコール遺跡に生残する樹木の個体群構造と空間分布の衛星画像を用いた解析 (2009)
  • Author(s): 富田瑞樹, 平吹喜彦, 荒木祐二, 塚脇真二, リーボラ・ハンパオ
  • Organizer: 第120回大会日本森林学会
  • Place of Presentation: 京都大学, 京都
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-28
• [Presentation] Emergent-trees photography in the Preah Khan Forest-toward to exhibition into theruins - (2009)
  • Author(s): Araki, Y.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Sietn Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-18
• [Presentation] Introduction : environmental researches in the Angkor Monument Park, Cambodia (2009)
  • Author(s): Hang, P., Tsukawaki, S.
  • Organizer: International Research Seminar on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: Institute of Technology, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-18
• [Presentation] Air pollution in the Angkor Monument Park and Siem Reap City, and Phnom Penh, Cambodia (2009)
  • Author(s): Furuuchi, M.
  • Organizer: International Research Seminar on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: Institute of Technology, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-18
• [Presentation] Seasonal change in the water quality, and relationship between turbidity and primaryproducer in the water areas in the Angkor Park and Siem Reap River, Cambodia (2009)
  • Author(s): Oyagi, H.
  • Organizer: International Research Seminar on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: Institute of Technology, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-18
• [Presentation] Channel deformation characteristics of Siem Reap River, possibility of groundsettlement in varying ground water level around Angkor Monuments, and Ichthyofaunain the moats of Angkor Wat, with comments on fishes of Lake Tonle Sap, Cambodia (2009)
  • Author(s): Tsukawaki, S., Takebayashi, H., Takahara, T., Yamakami, T., Motomura, H.
  • Organizer: International Research Seminar on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: Institute of Technology, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-18
• [Presentation] Landscape ecological studies- on the Angkor Area : a case study of the Preah Khan Forest (2009)
  • Author(s): Araki, Y.
  • Organizer: International Research Seminar on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: Institute of Technology, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-18
• [Presentation] Introduction of the research activities of the Team ERDAC (Environmental Research Development in Angkor, Cambodia) in the Angkor Monument Park and its environs (2009)
  • Author(s): Tsukawaki, S. Hang, P., All Membersof Team ERDAC
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the-Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs. Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hail, Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Background of the environment research in the Angkor Park and its environs, Cambodia -two research programmes in Lake Tonle Sap : the Past, the Present and for the Future- (2009)
  • Author(s): Tsukawaki, S., All Members of Teams ERDAC EMSB, EMSB-U32. TS21
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Meteorological characteristies of Siem Reap City and the monitoring station network -Present and Future- (2009)
  • Author(s): Okumura, Y., Ea, D., Oyagi, H., Hang, P.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Characteristics of air pollution and possible emission sources in Siem Reap and Angkor Monument Area, Cambodia (2009)
  • Author(s): Furuuchi, M., Tsukawaki, S., Hang, P., Sieng, S., Yoshikawa, F., Masai, A.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Seasonal characteristics of air pollution in Phnom Penh : particulate matter and particle-bound PAHs (2009)
  • Author(s): Furuuchi, M., Tsukawaki, S., Lim, K., Kanamori, M., Hang, P., Sieng, S., Hata, M., Mikami, N., Masai, A.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Water management system in the Angkor Monument Park, Cambodia (2009)
  • Author(s): Hang, P.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Seasonal change in the water quality in Siem Reap River, Cambodia (2009)
  • Author(s): Oyagi, H., Ishikawa. T., Okumura, Y., Chhay, B., Hang, P., Tsukawaki, S.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Relationship between turbidity and primary producer in the water areas in the Angkor Park and Siem Reap River, Cambodia (2009)
  • Author(s): Ishikawa, T., Oyagi, H., Okumura, Y., Chhay, B., Hang, P.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Ichthyofauna in the Moats of Angkor Wat, Siem Reap, with comments on fishes of Lake Tonle Sap, Cambodia (2009)
  • Author(s): Motomura. H, Tsukawaki, S., Hang, P., Chou, R., Sar. S.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Channel deformation characteristics of Siem Reap River, Cambodia (2009)
  • Author(s): Takebayashi, H., Tsukawaki, S., Hang, P., Chhay, B.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Possibility of ground settlement in varying ground water level around Angkor Monuments Cambodia (2009)
  • Author(s): Takahara, T., Tsukawaki, S., Yamakami, T., Chhouk, C. H.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Reinventory of the emergent-trees in the Preah Khan Forest in the Angkor Monument Park, Cambodia (2009)
  • Author(s): Araki, Y., Hirabuki, Y., Tomita, M., Hang, P., Ly, B., Tsukawaki, S.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Spatial arrangement of emergent-trees in the Preah Khan Monument : Present status andproposed eco-management (2009)
  • Author(s): Hirabuki, Y., Tomita, M., Araki, Y., Ly, B., Rith, S., Tsukawaki, S., Hang, P.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall ; Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Three Cambodian home-gardens in Siem Reap, Cambodia-on the water and in theforest - (2009)
  • Author(s): Tsukawaki, S., Hirabuki, Y., Araki, Y., Suzuki, K., Tomita, M., Droung, P., So, P.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation of Environment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Siem Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Landscape and forest ecological evaluation of remnant trees in the Preah Khan Monument, Cambodia (2009)
  • Author(s): Tomita, M., Hirabuki, Y., Araki, Y., Ly, B., Tsukawaki, S., Hang, P.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on the Present Situation ofEnvironment in the Angkor Monument Park and Its Environs, Cambodia
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO/JASA Central Hall, Siem, Reap, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-17
• [Presentation] Member Country Report of Japan (2008)
  • Author(s): Japan National Committee for CCOP (Tsukuda, E., Tsukawaki, S., et al.
  • Organizer: 45th Annual Session of CCOP (Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia)
  • Place of Presentation: Pullman Hotel, Khon Kaen, Thailand
  • Year and Date: 2008-11-26
• [Presentation] A plant ecological approach to the degraded floodplain-vegetation of Lake Tonle Sap, Cambodia -Toward sustainable management of an invaluable ecosystem- (2008)
  • Author(s): Araki, Y., Hirabuki, Y., Dourng, P., Tsukawaki, S., Chay, R., Tomita, M., Hang, P., Ly, B., Suzuki, K
  • Organizer: Asia Forest Workshop 2008
  • Place of Presentation: Phnom Penh Hotel. Phnom Penh, Cambodia
  • Year and Date: 2008-11-21
• [Presentation] Degraded Barringtonia-dominant vegetation around Lake Tonle Sap, Cambodia : zonal arrangement of vegetation, life-style shift of local people and ecological significance of the inundated woodland under large seasonal fluctuations in water-level (2008)
  • Author(s): Hirabuki, Y., Araki, Y., Dourng, P., Tsukawaki, S., Chay, R., Tomita, M., Ly, B., Hang, P., Suzuki, K.
  • Organizer: FORTROP II International Conference V3
  • Place of Presentation: Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Year and Date: 2008-11-20
• [Presentation] カンボジア, トンレサップ湖氾濫原の植生と地域住民の暮らし (2008)
  • Author(s): 荒木祐二
  • Organizer: 第53回民族自然誌研究会
  • Place of Presentation: 京都大学, 京都
  • Year and Date: 2008-10-25
• [Presentation] アンゴール遺跡に生残する樹木の個体群構造と空間分布の景観生態学的評価 (2008)
  • Author(s): 富田瑞樹, 平吹喜彦, 荒木祐二, Ly Bora, 塚脇真二, Hang Peou
  • Organizer: 第17回地理情報システム学会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京大学(駒場), 東京
  • Year and Date: 2008-10-24
• [Presentation] カンボジア・トンレサツプ湖とその集水域における水質特性について-シェムリアプ川河口域を中心として- (2008)
  • Author(s): 大八木英夫, 遠藤修一, 奥村康昭, 石川俊之, 塚脇真二
  • Organizer: 日本陸水学会第73回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 北海道大学、札幌
  • Year and Date: 2008-10-13
• [Presentation] アジア地域の都市大気中ナノ粒子濃度と多環芳香族化合物の特性 (2008)
  • Author(s): 白雲鶴, 古内正美, 大谷吉生, 塚脇真二, Hang Peou, Sieng Sotham, Limpaseni Wongpun, Tekasakul Perapong, 関口和彦, 田島奈穂子
  • Organizer: 第25回エアロゾル科学・技術研究討論会および国際シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: 金沢大学, 金沢
  • Year and Date: 2008-08-22
• [Presentation] カンボジア・プノンペン市街地における浮遊粒子状物質の特性と発生源に関する考察 (2008)
  • Author(s): 三上尚美, 正井晶, 塚脇真二, 畑光彦, 古内正美, 金森正臣, Lim Kannitha, Hang Peou, Sieng Sotham, 吉川文恵
  • Organizer: 第25回エアロゾル科学・技術研究討論会および国際シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: 金沢大学, 金沢
  • Year and Date: 2008-08-22
• [Presentation] アンコール遺跡区域周辺の大気汚染特性と発生源寄与の考察 (2008)
  • Author(s): 正井晶, 塚脇真二, 畑光彦, 古内正美, Hang Hang, Sieng Sotham, 吉川文恵
  • Organizer: 第25回エアロゾル科学・技術研究討論会および国際シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: 金沢大学, 金沢
  • Year and Date: 2008-08-22
• [Presentation] カンボジア・アンコール地域の砂質粘性土の力学的特性 (2008)
  • Author(s): 山上尚幸, 高原利幸, 塚脇真二, Hang Peou, Chhouk Chhay Horng
  • Organizer: 第43回地盤工学会
  • Place of Presentation: 広島国際会議場, 広島
  • Year and Date: 2008-07-09
• [Presentation] An Interim Report of the Environmental Researches in and around the Angkor Monument Area, Siem Reap Province, Cambodia (June 2007 - May 2008) (2008)
  • Author(s): Tsukawaki, S., Peou, H. All Members of Team ERDAC
  • Organizer: 17th Technical Committee of the International Co-ordinating Committee for the Safeguarding and Development of the Historic Site of Angkor
  • Place of Presentation: Sokha-Angkor Hotel, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
  • Year and Date: 2008-07-04
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://mekong.ge.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/m&i2009/m&j2009.html