X-ray source for Novel imaging paradigm

2019 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19H00669
• Research Institution: National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology
• Principal Investigator: PIROZHKOV Alex 国立研究開発法人量子科学技術研究開発機構, 関西光科学研究所 光量子科学研究部, 上席研究員(定常) (00446410)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 難波 愼一 広島大学, 工学研究科, 教授 (00343294) ; Esirkepov Timur 国立研究開発法人量子科学技術研究開発機構, 関西光科学研究所 光量子科学研究部, 上席研究員(定常) (10370363) ; 匂坂 明人 国立研究開発法人量子科学技術研究開発機構, 関西光科学研究所 光量子科学研究部, 主幹研究員(定常) (20354970) ; 小倉 浩一 国立研究開発法人量子科学技術研究開発機構, 関西光科学研究所 光量子科学研究部, 主幹研究員(定常) (30354971) ; Pikuz Tatiana 大阪大学, 先導的学際研究機構, 特任准教授(常勤) (20619978) ; Koga James 国立研究開発法人量子科学技術研究開発機構, 関西光科学研究所 光量子科学研究部, 専門業務員(任常) (70370393) ; 桐山 博光 国立研究開発法人量子科学技術研究開発機構, 関西光科学研究所 光量子科学研究部, グループリーダー(定常) (40354972) ; 神門 正城 国立研究開発法人量子科学技術研究開発機構, 関西光科学研究所 光量子科学研究部, グループリーダー(定常) (50343942)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: Coherent x-ray source / New imaging paradigm / BISER / Relativistic plasma / Plasma singularities

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

During the 1st Project year, we started the active development of experimental methods and diagnostics necessary to accomplish the Project Goals. Simultaneously, we achieved several important research results:
We improved the laser temporal shape/contrast by introducing wedged optics through the amplifier chain. This will result in weaker plasma heating and sharper singularities, resulting in brighter BISER. By careful design of the self-compensating multi-pass scheme, the wedge effect on the focal spot was minimized to ensure a high BISER photon yield. [Kiriyama et al., Opt. Lett. 45 1100 (2020)].
We demonstrated by PIC simulations that despite nanoscale size and relativistic velocity, the plasma singularities can be detected via ultrashort (~10 fs) optical probe. This will greatly contribute to our planned experiments as we will implement this method to detect the location and topology of the singularities and correlate them with coherent BISER radiation. [Esirkepov et al., Phys. Plasmas 27 052103 (2020) - published in May, will be formally included in the FY2020 report].
We experimentally tested a new regime of much higher plasma density (~10^22-10^23 cm^-3) and laser intensity (~10^21-10^22 W/cm^2) to further increase the x-ray photon number. We obtained a number of important results, including dependences of the hard x-ray generation on the plasma thickness which will allow us to distinguish the Bremsstrahlung from Gamma Flash mechanisms, plasma characterization with x-ray spectroscopy, and bright coherent x-ray generation (high-order harmonics).

Current Status of Research Progress

2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.

Reason

We started active development of experimental methods & diagnostics necessary to accomplish the Project Goals. Method (L): Laser Control (Co-I: Hiromitsu Kiriyama): We improved the laser temporal shape/contrast which will result in sharper singularities and brighter BISER.
Method (O): High-Resolution Optical Diagnostics (Co-Is: Koichi Ogura, Masaki Kando). To achieve the Goal #1 (increase the photon number and energy with the On-axis BISER), we will need precise diagnostics of plasma singularities. For this, we developed one of the two critical diagnostics - a ~μm resolution optical imaging, "Top View".
Method (X): X-ray Diagnostics (Co-Is: Akito Sagisaka, Tatiana Pikuz, Shinichi Namba, RC: Masato Koike). We acquired additional x-ray CCD, designed and acquired adapter flanges for our 3-channel flat-field spectrograph, and started the design of a high-resolution Varied-Line-Space (VLS) diffraction grating optimized for our experimental setup and the 1-2 keV spectral range. We started the design of the Photoelectron and Auger spectroscopy beamline.
Theory & Simulations (Co-Is: Timur Esirkepov, James Koga): We demonstrated by PIC simulations that the relativistic plasma singularities can be detected via ultrashort optical probe. We simulated the gas flow through supersonic nozzles used in experiments.
In parallel with the theory/simulations and diagnostics development, we performed a pioneering experiment to test much higher plasma density (~10^22-10^23 cm^-3) and laser intensity (~10^21-10^22 W/cm^2) to further increase the x-ray photon number.

Strategy for Future Research Activity

In FY2019, the new coronavirus had little effect on the Project, except work limitations in March. The new coronavirus actually emphasized the importance of our Goals, namely future attosecond lensless imaging, which potentially will result in quick imaging of unknown viruses. However, in FY2020, we foresee some impact of the pandemic and quarantine on the research. This includes limited access to the lab in April and May, difficulties in purchasing and especially manufacturing new equipment, etc. However, for now we hope to resume the normal research from June.
In accordance to the Project Plan and Goals, we will continue the Methods & Diagnostics development: (O): High-Resolution Optical Diagnostics (Co-Is: Koichi Ogura, Masaki Kando): we will develop the 2nd critical diagnostics, high-resolution optical Schlieren probe.
Method (X): X-ray Diagnostics (Co-Is: Akito Sagisaka, Tatiana Pikuz, Shinichi Namba, RC: Masato Koike). We plan to finish the development of the VLS grating for 1-2 keV range and the Photoelectron and Auger beamline.
Theory & Simulations (Co-Is: Timur Esirkepov, James Koga): We will continue PIC simulations for guiding the methods development and experiments. We will perform gas dynamic simulations for our supersonic nozzle + blade system.
We plan to perform an experiment where we will employ the Methods and Diagnostics developed earlier. In particular, we plan to achieve the Filamentation and Self-Focusing control and detect the singularities with new optical diagnostics, and correlate their properties with BISER radiation.

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] Central Laser Facility, STFC RAL/University of Strathclyde(英国)
  • Country Name: UNITED KINGDOM
  • Counterpart Institution: Central Laser Facility, STFC RAL/University of Strathclyde
• [Journal Article] Experimental investigation on the temporal contrast of pre-pulses by post-pulses in a petawatt laser facility (2020)
  • Author(s): Hiromitsu Kiriyama, Yasuhiro Miyasaka, Akito Sagisaka, Koichi Ogura, Mamiko Nishiuchi, Alexander S. Pirozhkov, Yuji Fukuda, Masaki Kando, and Kiminori Kondo
  • Journal Title: Optics Letters Volume: 45 Pages: 1100-1103
  • DOI: 10.1364/OL.384759
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Observation of Burst Intensification by Singularity Emitting Radiation generated from relativistic plasma with a high-intensity laser (2020)
  • Author(s): A. Sagisaka, K. Ogura, T. Zh Esirkepov, D. Neely, T. A. Pikuz, J. K. Koga, Y. Fukuda, H. Kotaki, Y. Hayashi, B. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, K. Huang, S. V. Bulanov, H. Kiriyama, K. Kondo, T. Kawachi, M. Kando, and A. S. Pirozhkov
  • Journal Title: High Energy Density Physics Volume: 36 Pages: 100751
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2020.100751
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Recoil effects on reflection from relativistic mirrors in laser plasmas (2020)
  • Author(s): P. Valenta, T. Zh. Esirkepov, J. K. Koga, A. S. Pirozhkov, M. Kando, T. Kawachi, Y.-K. Liu, P. Fang, P. Chen, J. Mu, G. Korn, O. Klimo, and S. V. Bulanov
  • Journal Title: Physics of Plasmas Volume: 27 Pages: 032109
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5142084
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Status and progress of the J-KAREN-P high intensity laser system at QST (2020)
  • Author(s): Hiromitsu Kiriyama, Alexander S. Pirozhkov, Mamiko Nishiuchi, Yuji Fukuda, Koichi Ogura, Akito Sagisaka, Yasuhiro Miyasaka, Hironao Sakaki, Nicholas P. Dover, Kotaro Kondo, Hazel F. Lowe, Akira Kon, James K. Koga, Timur Zh Esirkepov, Nobuhiko Nakanii, Kai Huang, Masaki Kando, and Kiminori Kondo
  • Journal Title: High Energy Density Physics Volume: 36 Pages: 100771
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2020.100771
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Similarity of magnetized plasma wake channels behind relativistic laser pulses with different wavelengths (2019)
  • Author(s): A. Bierwage, T. Zh Esirkepov, J. K. Koga, and A. S. Pirozhkov
  • Journal Title: Computer Physics Communications Volume: 244 Pages: 49-68
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.cpc.2019.07.004
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 大出力結晶固体レーザーの研究開発のデザイン案 (2020)
  • Author(s): 桐山博光
  • Organizer: 高出力結晶固体レーザーに関する研究会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Status and performance of the J-KAREN-P high intensity laser facility (2019)
  • Author(s): H. Kiriyama, A. S. Pirozhkov, M. Nishiuchi, Y. Fukuda, K. Ogura, A. Sagisaka, Y. Miyasaka, M. Mori, H. Sakaki, N. P. Dover, K. Kondo, H. F. Lowe, J. K. Koga, T. Zh. Esirkepov, N. Nakanii, K. Huang, M. Kando, and K. Kondo
  • Organizer: SPIE OPTICS+OPTOELECTRONICS 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Extension of BISER to the keV spectral range (2019)
  • Author(s): A.S.Pirozhkov, T.Zh.Esirkepov, B. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A. Sagisaka, T.A.Pikuz, Z.E.Davidson, K. Ogura, A. Bierwage, K. Huang, N. Nakanii, J.K.Koga, A.Ya.Lopatin, Y. Fukuda, D. Neely, P. McKenna, E.N.Ragozin, S. A. Pikuz, N.I.Chkhalo, N.N.Salashchenko, S. Namba, H. Kiriyama, M. Koike, K. Kondo, T. Kawachi, M. Kando
  • Organizer: The Optics & Photonics International Congress OPIC-2019, International Conference on High-Energy Density Sciences HEDS-2019
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] BISER X-ray source structures in ultraintense laser-plasma interactions (2019)
  • Author(s): B. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, T. A. Pikuz, A. Sagisaka, Z. E. Davidson, K. Ogura, A. Bierwage, K. Huang, T. Zh. Esirkepov, J. K. Koga, A. Ya. Lopatin, Y. Fukuda, M. Ishino, E. N. Ragozin, S. A. Pikuz, N. I. Chkhalo, N. N. Salashchenko, D. Neely, P. McKenna, H. Kiriyama, M. Kando, A. S. Pirozhkov
  • Organizer: The Optics & Photonics International Congress OPIC-2019, International Conference on High-Energy Density Sciences HEDS-2019
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Measurement of burst intensification by singularity emitting radiation with a high-intensity laser (2019)
  • Author(s): A. Sagisaka, B. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, K. Ogura, T. Zh. Esirkepov, D. Neely, T. A. Pikuz, J. K. Koga, K. Huang, Y. Fukuda, M. Kando, H. Kiriyama, K. Kondo, T. Kawachi, and A. S. Pirozhkov
  • Organizer: The Optics & Photonics International Congress OPIC-2019, International Conference on High-Energy Density Sciences HEDS-2019
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Recent Performance and Progress on the J-KAREN-P High Intensity Laser Facility (2019)
  • Author(s): H. Kiriyama, A. S. Pirozhkov, M. Nishiuchi, Y. Fukuda, K. Ogura, A. Sagisaka, Y. Miyasaka, M. Mori, H. Sakaki, N. P. Dover, K. Kondo, H. F. Lowe, J. K. Koga, T. Zh. Esirkepov, N. Nakanii, K. Huang, M. Kando, K. Kondo, and T. Kawachi
  • Organizer: OPIC, The 8th Advanced Lasers and Photon Sources 2019 (ALPS’19)
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Ultra-relativistic Fe plasma with GJ/cm3 Energy Density Created by Femtosecond Laser Pulses (2019)
  • Author(s): T. Pikuz, M. Alkhimova, I. Skobelev, S. Pikuz, A. Faenov, M. Nishiuchi, H. Sakaki, A. Pirozhkov, T. Esirkepov, A. Sagisaka, N. Dover, K. Kondo, K. Ogura, Y. Fukuda, H. Kiriyama, T. Miyahara, Y. Watanabe, M. Kando, T. Kawachi, R. Kodama, K. Kondo
  • Organizer: The Optics & Photonics International Congress OPIC-2019, International Conference on High-Energy Density Sciences HEDS-2019
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] ホウ素-K発光分光のための酸化物膜付加による高回折効率ラミナー型回折格子 (2019)
  • Author(s): 小池雅人、羽多野忠、ピロジコフ S. アレキサンダー、寺内正己、浮田龍一、西原弘晃、笹井浩行、長野哲也
  • Organizer: 2019年度 日本分光学会年次講演会
• [Presentation] BISER control: source position stability, extension to keV, and microjoule XUV pulses (2019)
  • Author(s): A.S.Pirozhkov, T.Zh.Esirkepov, B. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A. Sagisaka, T.A.Pikuz, Z.E.Davidson, K. Ogura, A. Bierwage, K. Huang, N. Nakanii, J.K.Koga, A.Ya.Lopatin, Y. Fukuda, D. Neely, P. McKenna, E.N.Ragozin, S. A. Pikuz, N.I.Chkhalo, N.N.Salashchenko, S. Namba, H. Kiriyama, M. Koike, K. Kondo, T. Kawachi, M. Kando
  • Organizer: Opto-2019 Symposium on Photon and Beam Science
• [Presentation] Fe-K（705 eV）対応高回折効率・広帯域軟X線ラミナー型多層膜回折格子の設計 (2019)
  • Author(s): 小池雅人、羽多野忠、ピロジコフ S. アレキサンダー, 寺内正己、林信和、笹井浩行、長野哲也
  • Organizer: 日本顕微鏡学会第75回学術講演会
• [Presentation] Recent advances on the J-KAREN-P high intensity laser facility at QST (2019)
  • Author(s): H. Kiriyama, A. S. Pirozhkov, M. Nishiuchi, Y. Fukuda, K. Ogura, A. Sagisaka, Y. Miyasaka, M. Mori, H. Sakaki, N. P. Dover, K. Kondo, H. F. Lowe, J. K. Koga, T. Zh. Esirkepov, N. Nakanii, K. Huang, M. Kando, K. Kondo and T. Kawachi
  • Organizer: Optics & Laser-2019
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Control of Burst Intensification by Singularity Emitting Radiation (BISER) (2019)
  • Author(s): A.S.Pirozhkov, T.Zh.Esirkepov, B. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A. Sagisaka, T.A.Pikuz, Z.E.Davidson, K. Ogura, A. Bierwage, K. Huang, N. Nakanii, J.K.Koga, A.Ya.Lopatin, Y. Fukuda, D. Neely, P. McKenna, E.N.Ragozin, S. A. Pikuz, N.I.Chkhalo, N.N.Salashchenko, S. Namba, H. Kiriyama, M. Koike, K. Kondo, T. Kawachi, M. Kando
  • Organizer: VII International Conference "Frontiers of Nonlinear Physics" (FNP-2019)
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Design of soft X-ray high diffraction efficiency diffraction gratings with hybrid multilayer coatings in an energy range of 200-900 eV (2019)
  • Author(s): Masato Koike, Tadashi Hatano, Alexander S. Pirozhkov, Masami Terauchi, Nobukazu Hayashi, Hiroyuki Sasai, Tetsuya Nagano
  • Organizer: VUVX2019 International Conference
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Burst Intensification by Singularity Emitting Radiation (BISER) (2019)
  • Author(s): J.K.Koga, A.S.Pirozhkov, T.Zh.Esirkepov, B. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A. Sagisaka, T.A. Pikuz, Z.E. Davidson, K. Ogura, A. Bierwage, K. Huang, N. Nakanii, A.Ya. Lopatin, Y. Fukuda, D. Neely, P. McKenna, E.N. Ragozin, S.A. Pikuz, N.I. Chkhalo, N.N. Salashchenko, S. Namba, H. Kiriyama, M. Koike, K. Kondo, T. Kawachi, M. Kando
  • Organizer: 28th Annual International Laser Physics Workshop (LPHYS'19)
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Burst Intensification by Singularity Emitting Radiation (BISER) for Imaging Micro-Bubble Implosions (MBI) (2019)
  • Author(s): J. K. Koga, M. Murakami, A. V. Arefiev, Y. Nakamiya, A. S. Pirozhkov, T. Zh. Esirkepov, and S. V. Bulanov
  • Organizer: 28th Annual International Laser Physics Workshop (LPHYS'19)
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 200～900 eV域対応高回折効率・広受光角軟X線ラミナー型Ｗ/Ｃ多層膜回折格子の設計(II) (2019)
  • Author(s): 小池雅人,羽多野忠,寺内正己,ピロジコフ S. アレキサンダー,林 信和,笹井浩行,長野哲也
  • Organizer: 応用物理学会秋季学術講演会
• [Presentation] Reaching the keV spectral range with BISER control (2019)
  • Author(s): A.S.Pirozhkov, T.Zh.Esirkepov, B. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A. Sagisaka, T.A.Pikuz, Z.E.Davidson, K. Ogura, A. Bierwage, K. Huang, N. Nakanii, J.K.Koga, A.Ya.Lopatin, Y. Fukuda, D. Neely, P. McKenna, E.N.Ragozin, S. A. Pikuz, N.I.Chkhalo, N.N.Salashchenko, S. Namba, H. Kiriyama, M. Koike, K. Kondo, T. Kawachi, M. Kando
  • Organizer: The 11th International Conference of Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications (IFSA-2019)
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Observation of BISER harmonics generated from relativistic plasma with a high-intensity laser (2019)
  • Author(s): Akito Sagisaka, Bruno Gonzalez-Izquierdo, Koichi Ogura, Timur Zh. Esirkepov, David Neely, Tatiana A. Pikuz, James K. Koga, Kai Huang, Yuji Fukuda, Hideyuki Kotaki, Yukio Hayashi, Sergei V. Bulanov, Masaki Kando, Hiromitsu Kiriyama, Kiminori Kondo, Tetsuya Kawachi, and Alexander S. Pirozhkov
  • Organizer: The 11th International Conference of Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications (IFSA-2019)
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Status and progress of the J-KAREN-P High Intensity Laser System at QST (2019)
  • Author(s): H. Kiriyama, A. S. Pirozhkov, M. Nishiuchi, Y. Fukuda, K. Ogura, A. Sagisaka, Y. Miyasaka, M. Mori, H. Sakaki, N. P. Dover, K. Kondo, H. F. Lowe, J. K. Koga, T. Zh. Esirkepov, N. Nakanii, K. Huang, M. Kando, and K. Kondo
  • Organizer: The 11th International Conference of Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications (IFSA-2019)
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Design of Valried Line Spacing Holographic Grating with High Groove Density and Multilayered Laminar-Type Grooves for Flat Field Spectrometer Optimized for 200-900 eV Region (2019)
  • Author(s): Masato Koike, Tadashi Hatano, Masami Terauchi, Alexander S. Pirozhkov, Nobukazu Hayashi, Hiroyuki Sasai, and Tetsuya Nagano
  • Organizer: XIO2019第15回X線結像光学シンポジウム
• [Presentation] ボロンK発光対応増反射膜付加高回折効率軟 X 線ラミナー型回折格子の開発 (2019)
  • Author(s): 小池雅人，羽多野忠，寺内正己，ピロジコフ S アレキサンダー，林信和，笹井浩行，長野哲也
  • Organizer: 第55回 X線分析討論会
• [Presentation] BISER at the keV spectral range (2019)
  • Author(s): A.S.Pirozhkov, T.Zh.Esirkepov, B. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A. Sagisaka, T.A.Pikuz, Z.E.Davidson, K. Ogura, A. Bierwage, K. Huang, N. Nakanii, J.K.Koga, A.Ya.Lopatin, Y. Fukuda, D. Neely, P. McKenna, E.N.Ragozin, S. A. Pikuz, N.I.Chkhalo, N.N.Salashchenko, S. Namba, H. Kiriyama, M. Koike, K. Kondo, T. Kawachi, M. Kando
  • Organizer: The 3rd Asia-Pacific Conference on Plasma Physics (AAPPS-DPP-2019)
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] X-ray spectroscopic evidence of observation the Fe-plasma with GJ/cm3 energy density in experiment at PW-class J-KAREN-P laser facility (2019)
  • Author(s): T. A. Pikuz
  • Organizer: Conference on High Intensity Laser and attosecond science in Israel (CHILI-2019)
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Relativistic plasma singularities and BISER (2019)
  • Author(s): A.S.Pirozhkov, T.Zh.Esirkepov, B. Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A. Sagisaka, T.A.Pikuz, Z.E.Davidson, K. Ogura, A. Bierwage, K. Huang, N. Nakanii, J.K.Koga, A.Ya.Lopatin, Y. Fukuda, D. Neely, P. McKenna, E.N.Ragozin, S. A. Pikuz, N.I.Chkhalo, N.N.Salashchenko, S. Namba, H. Kiriyama, M. Koike, K. Kondo, T. Kawachi, M. Kando
  • Organizer: Christmas High Power Laser Science Community Meeting
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Laser-plasma experiment at intensities approaching 10^22 W/cm^2 (2019)
  • Author(s): A. S. Pirozhkov, et al. (+41 co-authors)
  • Organizer: JPS Spring Meeting [Internet only due to the Coronavirus]