2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

A study on immune-regulatory mechanisms through the hair follicle and its microenvironment in the skin

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19H00969
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Medium-sized Section 42:Veterinary medical science, animal science, and related fields
Research Institution	Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
Principal Investigator	TANAKA AKANE 東京農工大学, (連合)農学研究科(研究院), 教授 (80418673)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	水谷哲也東京農工大学, 農学部, 教授 (70281681) 折戸謙介麻布大学, 獣医学部, 教授 (70333143) 唐澤薫東京農工大学, その他の研究科, 研究員 (80755249) 加藤雪彦東京医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (90246231)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywords	皮膚 / 黄色ブドウ球菌 / 毛包 / 疾患モデル / 免疫
Outline of Final Research Achievements	SPF-NC/Tnd mice without dermatitis, were treated with house mite antigen to induce dermatitis. Skin swabs and tissue samples were collected from the mice and analyzed by microbiome and immunohistochemistry. Microbiome analysis revealed that, compared to SPF NC/Tnd mice without dermatitis, mice with dermatitis showed a loss of diversity in the skin microflora as the disease progressed, a marked increase in Staphylococcus resulting in a flora dominated by Staphylococcus spp., and a decrease in the number of bacteria other spp. This result is consistent with the results of human patients with atopic dermatitis. Furthermore, we analyzed how the components of S. aureus, which induces dermatitis, are analyzed through isolation, fractionation, and application studies. Among the various fractions, we found a secreted protein in the culture supernatant of Staphylococcus aureus that may induce dermatitis, and identified it as Sbi protein, an immunosuppressant factor derived from S. aureus.
Free Research Field	動物生命科学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	アトピー性皮膚炎の疾患モデルマウスを用いて、新たな皮膚炎誘導因子とその皮膚炎誘導メカニズムを解明し、国際的学術雑誌に成果を報告した。アトピー性皮膚炎の研究は広く行われており、皮膚における黄色ブドウ球菌の増殖は病態を悪化させる因子であると言われている。今回我々研究グループは、黄色ブドウ球菌が放出する可溶性因子の一つでるSoluble Ig-binding protein（Sbiタンパク質）が、表皮間あるいは毛包から皮内に取り込まれ、表皮細胞のTSLPやIL-33の酸性を誘導したり、細胞間接着を壊すことで皮膚炎の発症に関与することを世界で初めて発見、報告することができた。