2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Social Behavior of Cultural Heritage: An Applied-Anthropological Study of Heritage in Eastern Africa

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19H01400
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 04030:Cultural anthropology and folklore-related
Research Institution	National Museum of Ethnology
Principal Investigator	Iida Taku 国立民族学博物館, グローバル現象研究部, 教授 (30332191)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	花渕馨也北海道医療大学, 看護福祉学部, 教授 (50323910) 梅屋潔神戸大学, 国際文化学研究科, 教授 (80405894) 中村亮福岡大学, 人文学部, 准教授 (40508868) 鈴木英明国立民族学博物館, グローバル現象研究部, 准教授 (80626317)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywords	世界遺産 / 無形文化遺産 / コミュニティ / 文化伝承 / 実践 / 価値 / グローバル化
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The study proposed three approaches: (1) participatory observation and ethnographic description of cultural heritage based on each sociocultural contexts, (2) comparative analysis of multiple cultural heritage sites with different sociocultural contexts, and (3) “field experiments” that intentionally distribute information among multiple sociocultural contexts. The first two approaches (1) and (2) were demonstrated and discussed in a session “Local Values of Heritage in Africa” at the 2020 Congress of the Society for Critical Heritage Studies (London). This session was organized by the members as well as invited researchers from Switzerland and Uganda. Although the approach (3) could not be fully implemented due to the pandemic, an ethnographic film was produced based on a video clips which IIDA recorded in Madagascar. It was screened at several international film festivals. https://www.r.minpaku.ac.jp/heritage/project/en/publications.html
Free Research Field	文化人類学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	すでに出版したHeritage Practice in Africa では、個々の社会文化的コンテクストをふまえた文化遺産の記述をおこなった。また、編集中のRevisiting Nara: Authentic Change in Intangible Cultural Heritage ではアフリカ以外の地域の事例報告もふまえ、変化していく文化遺産に関する合意を得るための必要条件を論じ、ローカルな価値観の尊重を指摘した。このことは、日本の文化財保護法（1950年）が制定されて四半世紀が経過しようとしている現在、あらためて文化遺産の価値と社会的位置づけを考えなおすうえで重要である。