Integrated safety of car-cyclist collisions toward autonomous driving

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19H02259
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 22050:Civil engineering plan and transportation engineering-related
• Research Institution: Nagoya University
• Principal Investigator: Mizuno Koji 名古屋大学, 工学研究科, 教授 (80335075)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 青木 宏文 名古屋大学, 未来社会創造機構, 特任教授 (20713093) ; 一杉 正仁 滋賀医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (90328352) ; 伊藤 大輔 名古屋大学, 工学研究科, 助教 (90432244)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 統合安全 / 自転車 / ヒヤリハット / 出会い頭事故 / 運転支援

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study is to understand the causes of accidents between cars and bicycles. We collected accident data from a drive recorder (DR) and compared them with near-misses to construct three models to determine the accident occurrences: (1) a kinematic model of accident occurrence based on the temporal relationship among time-to-collision, brake reaction time, and braking time; (2) a probability model based on logistic regression; and (3) a decision tree model that shows the hierarchical meanings of the variables.
From driving simulator experiments, we found that the brake reaction time depends on the driver's eye position. The accidents were reconstructed for cars installing autonomous braking systems, showed that field of view of sensor was most effective in preventing accidents, and accidents that cannot be avoided even with ultimate AEB were identified.

Free Research Field

安全工学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究開始前は自動運転によりすべての事故がゼロになるとの議論があった．本研究では，四輪車対自転車の出会い頭事故を検討し，衝突余裕時間が1秒未満の自転車の飛び出し事故は究極的な性能を持つAEBでも回避できないことを示した．これらは交差点でAIなどにより危険を予知しつつ速度を落として走行するなどの考え方につながった．
また，ドライブレコーダの事故分析とその再現から，視線の向きと事故発生の関係を示し，さらに緊急時のドライバの応答特性を取得した．これらは，ドライバの運転状態の検知や事故回避につながる．ドライバ応答と事故発生の関係を求める研究を進展させ，交通事故死者数ゼロに貢献するための実装を目指す．