2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development of practical use of useful bacteria by understanding their behavior in the environment

Research Project

PDF

Project/Area Number	19H02865
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 38020:Applied microbiology-related
Research Institution	Tohoku University
Principal Investigator	Nagata Yuji 東北大学, 生命科学研究科, 教授 (30237531)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	大坪嘉行東北大学, 生命科学研究科, 准教授 (40342761) 加藤広海東北大学, 生命科学研究科, 助教 (90727265) 津田雅孝東北大学, 生命科学研究科, 教授 (90172022)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywords	環境細菌 / 極貧栄養環境 / 細菌コミュニティ / バイオレメディエーション / 炭酸固定
Outline of Final Research Achievements	An organochlorine pesticide gamma-HCH-degrading bacterium, which is a heterotrophic bacterial strain, was found to grow under oligotrophic conditions with CO2 fixation by high expression of the adhX gene encoding an alcohol dehydrogenase. The mechanism of this phenomenon was further inferred using a novel qTn-Seq technology, etc. On the other hand, we found that a non-degrading Cupriavidus strain is the key to the formation of gamma-HCH-degrading bacterial community. We also found a hitchhiking phenomenon in which a mobile Paenibacillus strain expand the habitat of a non-migratory gamma-HCH-degrading bacterial strain, and this phenomenon improves the survivability of a gamma-HCH-degrading bacterial strain in the soil environment.
Free Research Field	応用微生物学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	有機塩素系殺虫剤gamma-HCH分解細菌株をモデルとして、環境汚染物質分解細菌の低栄養環境下での新奇適応現象を見出すと共に、その機構解明に繋がる知見を得た。また、分解細菌単独よりも、非分解細菌を含むコミュニティの方が長期持続的な分解活性を維持する現象を見出し、その鍵となる細菌株を同定した。これら知見は基礎学問的に新奇な知見であるだけでなく、バイオレメディエーションなどの微生物の実環境利用や、微生物の効率的利用による物質生産などにも応用可能である。