Study on the regulation mechanism of transformation amenability in barley

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19H02930
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 39010:Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
• Research Institution: Okayama University
• Principal Investigator: HISANO Hiroshi 岡山大学, 資源植物科学研究所, 准教授 (70415454)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 三谷 奈見季 岡山大学, 資源植物科学研究所, 准教授 (40581020) ; 松島 良 岡山大学, 資源植物科学研究所, 准教授 (80403476)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: オオムギ / 組織培養 / 形質転換 / ゲノム編集 / カルス化 / 再分化

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In order to fine map of the three TFA loci involved in the efficiency of genetic transformation of barley, the genetic experiments were conducted using two populations derived from a cross between transformable and non-transformable cultivars. The results revealed the presence of genes contributing to callus induction and differentiation in a region called TFA3. In addition, RNA-seq analysis revealed genes with differential expression between transformable and non-transformable cultivars. One gene with significant expression was cloned and introduced into barley, but no improvement in callus induction efficiency was observed. On the other hand, a genome editing experiment using a TFA-selected barley line succeeded in obtaining individuals with mutations in the target gene.

Free Research Field

植物育種学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

これまで、遺伝子組換え技術は限られた品種のみに効率よく適用できたが、他の多くの品種は適用が不可能であった。さらに、オオムギの形質転換効率が低いのが問題であった。本研究で得られた成果は、オオムギの組織培養、遺伝子組換えおよびゲノム編集技術の効率向上に寄与し、品種改良の加速化に貢献する。また、これらの成果を利用することにより、より多くの品種において遺伝子組換えやゲノム編集が可能になることが期待される。