Development of a method for identification of QTLs for photosynthesis in rice by direct measurement of leaf gas exchange

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19H02939
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 39020:Crop production science-related
• Research Institution: Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (2020-2022); Ibaraki University (2019)
• Principal Investigator: Adachi Shunsuke 東京農工大学, (連合)農学研究科(研究院), 准教授 (30717103)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 松岡 信 福島大学, 食農学類附属発酵醸造研究所, 特任教授 (00270992) ; 田中 佑 京都大学, 農学研究科, 助教 (50634474)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: MIC-100 / イネ / CO2同化速度 / GWAS / ゲノム

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Using the new rapid photosynthesis measurement system MIC-100, which reduces the measurement time per leaf to less than 1/10 of the conventional method, we analyzed the variation in CO2 assimilation rates of 198 rice varieties bred in Japan. The results showed that there is a wide range of variation in the CO2 assimilation rate of Japanese rice varieties comparable to the world panel of rice varieties, and that the CO2 assimilation rate has not been improved during the modern breeding process in Japan. Genome wide association study with integrated three years of measurement data identified candidate genomic regions on chromosomes 1, 8, and 11. Of these, the chromosome 1 region was in close proximity to the QTL detected in the Nihonbaru/Hajikuroho F2 population.

Free Research Field

作物生産科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

かつてない大規模な光合成評価により、日本で育成されたイネの光合成速度の多様性が網羅的に示された。特に日本のイネを利用した光合成改良の可能性が高いことが示された。またMIC-100を利用した光合成解析とGWASの融合は、CO2同化速度に関わるゲノム領域をきわめて省力的に特定できることが明らかとなった。MIC-100によるガス交換直接測定法は、近年開発された間接評価法とともに作物光合成の制御因子の解明に役立つと期待される。