2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Caste differentiation and seasonal adaptation in social insects: transgenerational regulation of polyphenism via maternal effects
| Project/Area Number |
19H02965
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 39050:Insect science-related
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| Research Institution | University of Tsukuba |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
沓掛 磨也子 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所, 生命工学領域, 研究グループ付 (90415703)
柴尾 晴信 筑波大学, 生命環境系, 研究員 (90401207)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 社会性アブラムシ / 階級分化 / 母性効果 / 季節多型 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We identified the environmental factors involved in the adaptive regulation of soldier caste and winged morph ratios according to the stages of social development and the seasons in the social aphid Tuberaphis styraci, and experimentally revealed the role of "maternal effects (mother-to-offspring transmission of environmental information)" in their nestmate communication. We confirmed that three environmental factors such as density, photoperiod, and temperature are combinedly involved in the regulation of caste/morph differentiation, and that soldier caste and winged morph differentiate exclusively under specific conditions. Furthermore, by rearing parent and offspring generations under different environmental conditions, we found that the maternal environmental conditions, particularly density and photoperiod, have an impact on the offspring phenotype, indicating the presence of maternal effects.
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| Free Research Field |
化学生態学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
社会性アブラムシの兵隊階級と有翅モルフの分化制御には、密度、日長、温度といった特定の環境条件が関与していることを明らかにした。さらに、成虫から胚への「母性効果」によって、子世代の発生運命が調節されていることを示した。この親と胚の間の情報伝達は、母体内という最も近接した空間で成立する社会的相互作用であり、世代を超えて階級やモルフの分化制御を可能にする。社会性昆虫にとって母性効果は、巣内の社会的情報と巣外の環境情報を統合し、次世代に伝える重要な手段であり、社会性昆虫の階級分化や分業などの社会制御の理解に新しい視点をもたらすとともに、ヒトを含む社会性動物の協調と制御の原理の深い理解につながる。
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