2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Versatile molecular functions of the ribosomal stalk protein in translation cycle
| Project/Area Number |
19H03155
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 43010:Molecular biology-related
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| Research Institution | Niigata University |
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Principal Investigator |
Uchiumi Toshio 新潟大学, 自然科学系, フェロー (50143764)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
伊東 孝祐 新潟大学, 自然科学系, 准教授 (20502397)
西川 周一 新潟大学, 自然科学系, 教授 (10252222)
石野 園子 九州大学, 農学研究院, 准教授 (80399740)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | リボソーム / リボソーム蛋白質 / リボソームストーク / 翻訳因子 / 蛋白質合成 / EF1A / EF1B / YchF |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Translation of genetic information proceeds on the ribosome with amino acids being brought efficiently to the ribosome by the translation factor EF1A one after another. There are many unclear points about the mechanism for achieving the high efficiency. In this project, we have demonstrated that the ribosomal stalk protein contributes to translation efficiency by binding, via its C-terminal region, to two different conformations of EF1A, that is, the active EF1A-GTP form that carries the aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome and the inactive EF1A-GDP form that is dissociated from the ribosome, and that the interaction between the stalk and EF1A is disrupted by anothor factor EF1B which promote nucleotide exchange from EF1A-GDP to EF1A-GTP. Furthermore, we also detected ability of the stalk to bind to a stress-response factor, YchF. These results represent the versatile functions of the ribosomal stalk in translation efficiency and control.
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| Free Research Field |
分子生物学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究では一部のリボソーム蛋白質（ストーク）が翻訳因子EF1Aと直接相互作用し、リボソームに効率よくアミノ酸・tRNAを次々に運搬するはたらきを担うこと、また他の因子EF1BがストークとEF1A間相互作用を調節し、不活性型EF1A・GDPから活性型EF1A・GTPに変換することを示し、ストーク/EF1A/EF1Bの連携作用が蛋白質合成の効率化をもたらすことを証明した。また、ストークがストレス応答因子YchFのリボソーム結合にも関与することを立証し、蛋白質合成機構へのストークの多彩なはたらきが示された。蛋白質合成制御の研究ばかりでなく基礎医学や応用生命科学の分野にも広く影響を与える内容である。
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