2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Holomorphology of Paraneoptera: testing the phylogenomics and elucidating the evolutionary process of novel structures
| Project/Area Number |
19H03278
|
|---|
| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
|
| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
|---|
| Section | 一般 |
|---|
| Review Section |
Basic Section 45030:Biodiversity and systematics-related
|
|---|
| Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
|---|
Principal Investigator |
|
|---|
| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
山田 量崇 兵庫県立大学, 自然・環境科学研究所, 准教授 (20463474)
塘 忠顕 福島大学, 共生システム理工学類, 教授 (80282250)
|
|---|
| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
|
| Keywords | 半翅系昆虫 / 形態学 / マイクロCT / 高次系統 / 単系統性 |
|---|
| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
High-resolution morphological observations using synchrotron uCT were used to analyze the phylogenetic relationship between paraneopteran orders (Psocodea, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera) and Holometabola. Analysis of thoracic musculature supported the monophyly of Paraneoptera and showed that there was no morphological apomorphies supporting the sister group relationship between Psocodea and Holometabola, as suggested by phylogenomic analyses. We also searched for phylogenetic information from genital structures of Psocodea and analyzed the functional morphology of novel genital structures. We show that female genital structures provide contain information on the higher phylogeny of Psocodea, and that the evolution of female's penis-like copulatory organ was preceded by the evolution of the muscles that move the pre-penis structure.
|
| Free Research Field |
昆虫系統学
|
| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
生物の進化史の正確な理解は，全ての生物学の根幹を成す．特定の生物がなぜ害虫化したのかと言った問いにも，その生物の系統関係の理解が重要である．半翅系昆虫は，昆虫最大の多様性を誇る完全変態昆虫の姉妹群であり，完全変態昆虫の起源を明らかにする上でも最も重要な分類群である．形態的には，咀嚼式から吸汁式への口器の変革を始め多くの新奇形質が進化している，極めて稀な昆虫である．応用的にも，毎年数千億円と見積もられるような被害を出す農業害虫，衛生害虫を含む一方，生物農薬として利用される有用昆虫も含む重要な分類群と見なされている．したがって，その系統関係の解明は幅広い普及効果を持つ．
|
