Genome analysis of lung adenocarcinoma with particular reference to early lesions, etiology and driver mutations

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19H03446
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 49020:Human pathology-related
• Research Institution: International University of Health and Welfare
• Principal Investigator: ISHIKAWA Yuichi 国際医療福祉大学, 医学部, 教授 (80222975)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 肺がん / 腺がん / 早期がん / がん関連遺伝子 / 変異シグナチャー / 喫煙

Outline of Final Research Achievements

To investigate characteristic genetic changes of early lung adenocarcinoma, we examined cancer related genes and mutation signatures by whole exome sequence. Regarding cancer related genes, mutations of KRAS, BRAF and ERBB2 were detected in EGFR-wild tumors. Regarding mutation signatures, there were no significant increase of C/A substitutions in smokers’ EGFR-mutated tumors, and the SBS2/13 signature was noted. These may be novel characters of genetic signatures for smoking-unrelated tumors arising in smokers.

Free Research Field

医学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

これまで解明されていなかった早期肺腺癌の遺伝子変化を解明することで、肺癌の原因に迫ることができる。本研究では、EGFR変異肺癌のなかで喫煙者と非喫煙者の癌を比べることで、喫煙者に発生したEGFR変異肺癌は、非喫煙者のEGFR変異肺癌とは異なる癌である可能性が示され、またEGFR陰性肺癌を特徴付ける新たなシグナチャーが抽出された可能性が浮上した。