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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Tolerance of cancer cells against amino acids deprivation in tumor microenvironments

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19H03496
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 50010:Tumor biology-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Tsuyoshi Osawa  東京大学, 先端科学技術研究センター, 准教授 (50567592)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywordsがん微小環境 / アミノ酸 / がん代謝 / 転写・代謝制御
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in canecr malignancy, such as metastasis, invasion, and drug resistance. Cancer cells in the extreme tumor microenvironment of hypoxia, nutrition deprivation and acidic pH contribute to cancer malignancy through the glycolysis, acetate metabolism, and glutamine metabolic adaptations through transcriptional regulation of HIF1α, ATF4, and SREBP2. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of adaptation to amino acid metabolism in tumor microenvironment, including elucidation of (1) sensor for amino acid deficiency, (2) adaptive mechanism to amino acid deficiency of cancer cells, (3) cross-talk between stress adaptation to hypoxia, nutrient deprivation and acidic pH through amino acid metabolism and found a novel adaptive mechanism for amino acid deprivation.

Free Research Field

腫瘍生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究における、アミノ酸欠乏・適応機構の解析から、mTOR非依存的なアミノ酸適応機構を同定しつつあり、さらに、オルガネラレベルでの解析から、ミトコンドリアや小胞体が1アミノ酸の欠乏でダイナミックに変動することを見出している。現在、オルガネラ動態と単1細胞の遺伝子発現をリンクさせ、アミノ酸感知・適応機構を引き続き検討している。また、環境ストレス適応とアミノ酸代謝のクロストークの解明から、ストレス適応と協調的に働く、mTOR複合体を介さない新たなストレスシグナル経路を見出した。このようにアミノ酸欠乏・適応機構の解明は、将来的にがんや生活習慣病の画期的な治療標的となることが期待できる。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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