2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Statistical modeling of genetic background behind species-population-individual level diversity

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19H04070
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 60030:Statistical science-related
Research Institution	The Research Institutue of Evolutionary Biology. (2020-2021) The University of Tokyo (2019)
Principal Investigator	Kishino Hirohisa (財)進化生物学研究所, その他部局等, 客員研究員 (00141987)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	北田修一東京海洋大学, 学術研究院, 名誉教授 (10262338) 中道礼一郎国立研究開発法人水産研究・教育機構, 水産資源研究所(横浜), 主任研究員 (70401255)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywords	分子進化 / 集団ゲノム / 高次多変量解析 / 階層分散分析
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The aim of this study was to gain a comprehensive understanding of intra- and interspecific diversity of phenotypes and genotypes. In the interspecies analysis, coevolution among life history traits was estimated using the rate of molecular evolution as a predictor. We found that intraspecies genetic diversity depends on the rate of molecular evolution. Based on this, we developed a method to detect species-specific selection pressure by using deviations from predictions based on molecular evolutionary rates. We proposed an exploratory analysis of multi-trait coadaptations in the light of population history. By defining a matrix representing the history of adaptation of polymorphisms, we detected sets of major co-adaptations by principal component analysis and mapped onto an admixture graph. The newly defined factor loadings of environmental variables enabled to understand the background of co-adaptation.
Free Research Field	統計科学、分子進化学、集団遺伝学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究で提案する手法は、集団にかかる選択圧と適応を種間比較の中で相対化するものである。種の形態的進化には、結合組織よりもむしろ上皮細胞の進化が主に寄与しており、ヒトにおいては、免疫系の進化と感染症関連遺伝子への機能的な制約の強化が適応進化の代表例であった。共適応の探索的データ分析は、対称を絞った分析・実験では気づかない適応にも光を投げかける。アメリカ北西部の野生ポプラの解析では、光合成関連形質と成長関連形質の気温と日長への応答、地上部環境の選択への制限因子としての土壌条件が示唆された。