A Study on the Modern Korean Youth Movement and the Establishment of Korean Children's Literature

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K00535
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 02050:Literature in general-related
• Research Institution: Tokyo Junshin University
• Principal Investigator: Otake Kiyomi 東京純心大学, 現代文化学部, 教授 (60386795)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 方定煥 / 天道教 / オリニ / 朝鮮児童文学 / 韓国児童文学 / 近代児童文化 / 世界名作童話 / 朝鮮少年運動

Outline of Final Research Achievements

On May 1, 1922, Fang Jeong-hwan held a Children's Day street advertising campaign as an event marking the first anniversary of the founding of the youth movement organization (Tendokyo Juvenile Association) that he had formed. This is considered to be the first children's rights liberation movement in Korea, and Pang Jung-hwan, who led this movement, is highly regarded in modern Korea as a “pioneer in the liberation of children's rights. In July of the same year, he published “Sarang-eson-mul (Gift of Love),” Joseon's first collection of adaptations of world-famous fairy tales in Korean, and the following year, in March 1923, he launched “Orini,” Joseon's first full-fledged children's literary magazine. This can be regarded as the starting point of modern Korean children's literature. On May 1 of the same year, the “Association of Korean Boys' Movement,” which expanded to a nationwide scale, was established and the first “Orininal (Children's Day)” event was held.

Free Research Field

韓国児童文学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

1922年5月1日、現在韓国で国民の祝日とされている「子どもの日（オリニナル）」の起源とされる初めての行事が行われた。そこでは韓国児童文学の開拓者である方定煥が＜子どもの日の宣言＞を行ったとされる。それは世界的にも先進的な＜子どもの人権解放宣言＞であると現在の韓国児童文化研究者の間では主張されている。しかし、方定煥は1920～23年の間、東京に滞在し、日朝を行き来しながら、朝鮮児童文化運動ともいえる活動を行った。本研究では、特に少年運動や児童人権運動の側面から、これまで明らかになっていなかった＜子どもの日（コドモデー／オリニナル）＞に関する日韓比較研究の実証的な成果を見ることができた。