A Study of East Asian Linguistic and Cultural History Based on Manchu Literature

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K00578
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 02060:Linguistics-related
• Research Institution: Tokyo Metropolitan University
• Principal Investigator: Araki Noriko 東京都立大学, 人文科学研究科, 准教授 (40596988)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 大野 広之 東京都立大学, 人文科学研究科, 客員研究員 (20837257) ; 小松原 ゆり 明治大学, 研究・知財戦略機構(駿河台), 研究推進員 (40782793) ; 鋤田 智彦 岩手大学, 人文社会科学部, 准教授 (60816031)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 満文西廂記 / 満文金瓶梅 / 清文鑑 / 大清全書 / 大廟祝版底 / 同文類解 / チベット仏教 / 乾隆帝

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We conducted research on the traces of linguistic and cultural contacts between the Manchu and Han Chinese during the Qing Dynasty, exploring what aspects of other ethnic cultures were valued and how they were assimilated. Our research focused on documents reflecting Manchu-Han cultural interaction, such as Chinese literary works translated into Manchu, bilingual dictionaries, hybrid religious artifacts, ritual materials, and archival records. We discovered several key insights: the Manchu translation of "Xi xiang ji" was centered around Jin Shengtan's commentary edition; the translation of "Jin ping mei" showed a deep understanding of Han Chinese tea culture; Han-derived vocabulary was incorporated in stages; the Qing emperors emphasized a spiritual world centered around yin-yang and Five Elements philosophy and calendrical thinking from Han culture; and Tibetan Buddhist rituals were transformed into unique practices distinctive to the Qing Dynasty.

Free Research Field

言語学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

文学、思想、宗教の各分野について、満漢両方の資料から検討することで、多面的な考え方を示した。対訳資料であっても、内容が全く一致するとは限らない。どうしても訳せない語彙や概念に、文化理解の限界や、独特な理解の方法があることがわかる。或いは、どちらかの言語の方が、利便性が高い場合にはそちらを使うという運用上の理由が関連する場合もある。多様な文化の接触が不可避な現代において、応用できる方策である。