2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
A Comparative Study of English and Japanese: How Does Merge Generate Syntactic Structures?
| Project/Area Number |
19K00612
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 02060:Linguistics-related
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| Research Institution | Keio University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 生成文法理論 / 日英語比較統辞論 / 極小モデル / 併合操作 / 作業空間 / 演算効率 / 過剰生成 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study formally recognizes Merge as an operation that applies to the workspace and yields a new workspace as output, and examines how exactly Merge operates, satisfying general third factor principles and language-specific conditions. Drawing data from English and Japanese, the comparative study of these two distinct languages demonstrates that in each language, the application of Merge is highly constrained by the two general conditions, which preserve and restrict accessibility to computation. Under this new conception of Merge, the proposed analysis has a number of important consequences, and promises to open new horizons in the continuing quest for explanation in the generative enterprise.
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| Free Research Field |
理論言語学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
20世紀後半，言語研究に飛躍的な革新をもたらした生成文法理論では，人には生まれながらにして言語の仕組みが具わっており，言語獲得はこの仕組みに依存することで初めて可能になると考える。この問題意識のもと，本研究では，類型論的に異なる日英語の統辞構造の多様性を，語彙項目の特性，併合の定式化と適用手続き，その手続きを厳しく制約する一般法則，という三つの要因とその相互作用から演繹的に説明することを試みた。その取り組みは，普遍的な言語の仕組み（普遍文法）から多様な言語の現れ（個別文法）を導出することに他ならず，その成果は生成文法理論の今後の展開に大きな影響を与えるものであろう。
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