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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

German associational culture of science in Meiji Japan: the case of the German Society for the Study of Nature and Ethnology of East Asia

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K01084
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 03040:History of Europe and America-related
Research InstitutionSenshu University

Principal Investigator

Sakurai Ayako  専修大学, 国際コミュニケーション学部, 教授 (60712643)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywords自然科学結社 / ドイツ / 明治期日本 / 間文化交渉 / 東京 / 公共圏
Outline of Final Research Achievements

This project investigated the expatriate German-speaking community in Meiji Japan as a site of cross-cultural relocation of scientific knowledge and practices. In this period, Japan experienced sweeping changes in its socio-political structure and learned practices. The rapidly modernising state attracted thousands of European and American scholars, who found employment as Yatoi, foreign specialist advisers hired by the government or private firms. Tokyo became home to a vibrant colony of expatriate intellectuals, to which the German-speaking scholars introduced an innovative and unorthodox associational culture of science. Amongst the institutions, the German Society for the Study of Nature and Ethnology of East Asia (Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Natur- und Voelkerkunde Ostasiens), a scientific association founded in 1873, figured as the social hub of the Germanophone community, and a key site for the cross-cultural transfer and translation of scientific knowledge and practices.

Free Research Field

ヨーロッパ史

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は、(1) 19世紀後半の東京・横浜において、どのようにドイツ系知識人が彼らの活動の場となる公共圏を創造したのか、そして(2) この公共圏において間文化交渉を介してどのように科学の実践が生み出されたのか、さらに(3) 明治期日本のローカリティ(その地域の政治・社会・経済・文化的特性)がいかにこの公共圏における科学の実践を規定したのかを考察した。このように、明治期の日本で生まれた科学の実践とそのグローバルな往還を検証することで、ナショナル・ヒストリー的枠組みがいまだ支配的であるドイツ科学史に対して、地域横断的な視座に基づく新たな理解の枠組みを提唱した点に、本研究の学術的意義がある。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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