Diplomacy and Constitutionalism

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K01283
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 05020:Public law-related
• Research Institution: Tokyo Metropolitan University
• Principal Investigator: Tomii Yukio 東京都立大学, 法学政治学研究科, 教授 (90286922)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 対外関係法 / 制定法解釈 / 権力分立 / 憲法 / アメリカ最高裁 / 条約 / 司法審査

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Seeing Foreign Relations Law(FRL) ignored in Japanese public law scene, I propose launching FRL studies there purportedly modeled after those of the United States which have finely and systematically established it as a field of law. FRL focuses on the authorities and procedures on foreign affairs or relations in the Constitution or international law as well. It has a traditional theory of foreign affairs exceptionalism(FAE) which presupposes Presidential(Executive) dominance over the other two branch, Congress and the Judiciary in foreign affairs matter so that FRL basic rules are different from those of domestic law. As globalization gradually prevails in international sphere, this tradition is shifting and modern theory is going forward normalization which understands and analyzes FRL the same as domestic law. I have learned that every issue around FRL relates constitutional separation of powers.

Free Research Field

公法学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

対外関係法という法分野を公法学の一領域としてその考察すべきと主唱する。アメリカのＦＲＬをモデルとすべきこれ紹介分析し、外交や外務において民主的立憲的そして法学的分析や統制の必要性を示した。FRLの体系を整理しそこでの議論や課題の概要をわが国に提示し、我が国のアメリカ公法研究のすそ野を広げるとともに、それが日本の公法学では国際法との間隙になっていることを自覚させ、この領域に公法学のメスを入れた。また、わが国で論じされていない、外務権限の所在や議会の統制、行政協定の合憲性、外交に対する司法統制、慣習国際法の国法秩序での位置について、示唆的なアメリカの議論を分析した。