New Problems of Religious Freedom in American "Culture War"

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K01291
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 05020:Public law-related
• Research Institution: Kobe Gakuin University
• Principal Investigator: Fukushima Toshiaki 神戸学院大学, 法学部, 教授 (80461010)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 憲法 / アメリカ憲法 / 信教の自由 / 文化戦争

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This research focused on the conflicts between religious freedom and right to abortion and same sex marriage as new problems of religious freedom in contemporary America and mainly analyzed judicial decisions in the cases concerning such conflicts. It found that these cases had two common features: (1) the conservative resistance in "culture war" and (2) the libertarian challenge to social and economic regulations. It also paid attention to the "transformation" of conflicts between liberal judges and conservative judges concerning religious accommodation and considered significance and nature of these two positions.

Free Research Field

憲法学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では、アメリカにおける信教の自由をめぐる最新の問題状況について、判例の動向を中心に分析を行うことによって、信教の自由に関する新たな比較法的知見を獲得することができた。その際、特にリベラル派と保守派の対立構図の「変容」という視点を踏まえた分析を行うことを通じて、アメリカにおけるリベラル派と保守派の立場の意義・特質等について一定の解明を図ることができた。