2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Analytical Framework of Competition Law from the Perspectives of Global and Local Monopolies
| Project/Area Number |
19K01327
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 05040:Social law-related
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
Shiraishi Tadashi 東京大学, 大学院法学政治学研究科(法学部), 教授 (30196604)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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| Keywords | 独占禁止法 / 独禁法 / 競争法 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In the field of competition jurisprudence concerning both massive monopolies and local monopolies, the evolution of regulations addressing exploitative practices is particularly significant. In the context of local monopolies, the rapidly growing need for causation theories has been substantiated.
Interest in the regulation of exploitative abuse against consumers has heightened, with the Japanese Antimonopoly Law also being examined as a part of the regulation aimed at curbing the abuse of superior bargaining positions. In 2019, the German Federal Cartel Office mandated that Facebook implement corrective measures, an action which invigorated the Japanese Fair Trade Commission (JFTC). Furthermore, the JFTC has started to address concerns related to employees and freelancers.
Currently, the JFTC is concentrating its efforts on employing commitment decision procedures, along with the analysis of fact-finding reports and the development of relevant guidelines.
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| Free Research Field |
経済法
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
世界的な巨大独占や、人口減少などの問題を抱えた地域独占は、競争法（独禁法）における特別な対応を必要としている。特に巨大独占の問題は、価格が高いこと（買い手の価格が安いこと）それ自体を競争法上の問題とする傾向を強めている。特に地域独占の問題は、独占そのものを問題とせず、むしろ、因果関係理論の洗練によって独占をもたらす企業結合を容認する方向に進んでいる。消費者に対する優越的地位濫用を規制する可能性にも目が向けられ始めている。以上のようなことを、命令などのハードな方法でなく、ソフトに取り扱おうとするのが、現代の競争法の傾向である。この研究は、このような状況を明らかにし、法実務の解像度を上げた。
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