Study regarding of the secrecy of investigations and the control of not compulsory investigations

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K01348
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 05050:Criminal law-related
• Research Institution: Kumamoto University
• Principal Investigator: Naitoh Hiromi 熊本大学, 大学院人文社会科学研究部(法), 教授 (00451394)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 法律の留保 / 刑事訴追における法律の留保 / 密行的捜査 / 任意捜査の立法的コントロール

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In Japan, compulsory investigations are carried out under strict conditions. The investigations with consent, on the other hand, are not subject to such strict conditions. I have dealt with this problem in this work. In my opinion, voluntary investigations sometimes have a significant impact on fundamental rights or pose a risk. Therefore, such investigations may need to be subject to legal conditions. Incidentally, I have found that the Japanese situation regarding the discussion of consent to investigative activities is changing in case law. I have researched that the discussion of the new draft legislation on incitement to commit a crime provides a very interesting clue to the understanding of the reservation of law in criminal prosecution.

Free Research Field

刑事訴訟法

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

強制処分性を基礎づける反意思性と権利の重大性の理解について、下級審判例を中心に従前の議論状況から一歩進んだ解釈がなされていることを明らかにし、その理論的分析を行なった。また、任意捜査（とくに密行型）についても、権利制約性が比較的強いもの、濫用の危険のあるものについては事後の相当性判断のみに委ねるのは妥当ではなく、立法による規律を及ぼすことで適正な運用が図られるべきことを明らかにした。