Comparative Study on Collective Collateral from French Law to Belgian Law, Quebec Law and Japanese Law

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K01376
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 05060:Civil law-related
• Research Institution: Keio University
• Principal Investigator: Katayama Naoya 慶應義塾大学, 法務研究科(三田), 教授 (00202010)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 動産担保 / 集合動産担保 / 債権担保 / 集合債権担保 / 事業担保 / フランス法 / ベルギー法 / ケベック法

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, from a comparative study of Quebec Law and Belgian Law, starting with French Law, we will examine the Quebec Law and Belgian Law, which have introduced a "universal structure" based on a "functional approach" due to different external factors. Subsequently, with the change in the financial collateral legal system in response to the paperless securities market, a new "dual structure" trend has emerged in which credit collateral is treated separately from movable property collateral. We analyze and examine the fact that French Law has returned to the "dual structure" of personal property collateral, which distinguishes between "gage" and "nantissement." Suggestions for amending the Personal Property Claims Security Act are extracted.

Free Research Field

民法

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究におけるフランス法を起点とした、ケベック法およびベルギー法の比較研究から、動産債権担保法に関しては、第1には、集合動産・流動動産担保および事業担保については、事業の「経営・活用（exploitation）」という枠で、固定資産および流動資産を把握して、広く事業資産について、非占有担保権（質権等）を認め、登記・登録制度を整備する方向での法制化を模索すべきであり、第2には、金銭債権・金融資産担保については、登記・登録を要求せずに、担保権者の「支配」を前提として、担保目的たる金銭債権および有価証券に対する「排他的担保」を認める方向での法制化が検討されるべきだという点を指摘できる。