Globalization of contract law and transformation of civil law theory.

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K01378
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 05060:Civil law-related
• Research Institution: Rikkyo University
• Principal Investigator: Nozawa Masamichi 立教大学, 法学部, 教授 (80237841)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 瑕疵担保責任 / 契約不適合責任 / 危険負担 / 不特定物の特定 / 危険の移転 / 債権法改正 / 特定物のドグマ / ウィーン売買条約

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Guarantiee for defects based on the burden of risk was based on the owner's responsibility principle, in which risk was transferred with the transfer of ownership. However, the amendment of the Law of Obligations stipulates that the danger is transferred from the seller to the buyer by delivery of the object, regardless of whether the purpose of the sale is a specific or unspecified item (Article 567, Paragraph 1). This is because danger should be borne by those who effectively control the object and are able to avoid it.However, this idea is contrary to the German legal understanding that danger is transferred by specifying the purpose rather than delivery (Article 401(2)), especially in the case of the sale of unspecified goods.In the future, we need to examine this contradiction and study the difference between bilateral and paid in sales contracts.

Free Research Field

民法

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は、民法（債権法）改正により、不特定物の特定による危険の移転を規定した旧534条2項が削除され、引渡しによる危険の移転を規定した567条1項の創設により、特定（401条2項）によっては危険が売主から買主に移転せず、その移転は特定物・不特定物を問わずに、引渡しによって行われることを明確にした。そして、この研究によって、契約法のグローバル化の時代に相応しい、新しい民法典のあり方を示したものと考える。