Abolition of possessory action in France

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K01393
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 05060:Civil law-related
• Research Institution: University of Toyama
• Principal Investigator: KAGAWA Takashi 富山大学, 学術研究部社会科学系, 教授 (80345553)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 占有 / 占有訴権 / レフェレ

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In France, the law of 2015 and 2017 abolished the possessory action. In this study, I examined the development of French legislation, cases and theories related to the possessory action. This study clarified that the abolition of the possessory action in France does not abolish the protection of possession, but changes the method of protection from "the possessory action" to "refere". Due to the change in protection method, the possessor should meet the requirements of "refere" stipulated by the Code of Civil Procedure of France in order to seek the restoration of possession. However, there is a theory that the interpretation of the requirements of "refere" in this case should be based on the requirements of the possessory action. Even though the possessory action is abolished, there is a possibility that it will continue while changing its form.

Free Research Field

民法

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

近時、わが国では物権法の改正提案がなされ、占有訴権制度もその俎上にあげられている。本研究は、わが国の占有訴権制度を考察する際に重要な示唆を与えるものと考える。すなわち、フランスにおいて、占有保護の方法としての占有訴権が廃止されたものの、依然、占有は保護されるべきものと解されている。そして、新たな占有保護方法であるレフェレの解釈においても占有訴権の解釈が影響するのではないかと推測される。わが国の占有訴権に関する立法においても、このようなフランスの法状況を踏まえた検討がなされるべきであろう。このような検討を通じて、わが国でも占有訴権の更なる活用が可能となろう。