A Study on Personnel System of Professional Officials in Japanese Government

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K01477
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 06010:Politics-related
• Research Institution: Tokyo Metropolitan University
• Principal Investigator: Ito Masatsugu 東京都立大学, 法学政治学研究科, 教授 (40347258)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 専門行政官 / 行政学 / 官僚人事システム / 専門性

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to analyze the actual situation of the personnel system by positioning the administrative officers who are expected to perform their duties based on their expertise in Japan as specialized administrative officers. Interviews with government officials could not be carried out due to the Covid-19, and the intended purpose could not be fully achieved. However, it has become clear again that the expertise required of administrative officers is being acquired in a manner consistent with the personnel system in Japanese bureaucracy, which is premised on membership-based employment. On the other hand, it was suggested that the specialization may be highly differentiated in the field of administrative organizations, and the coordination and integration of them is an issue.

Free Research Field

行政学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は、これまで研究が行われてこなかった海上保安官や労働基準監督官等の専門行政官に期待される専門性の特質を明らかにしたという学術的意義を有する。具体的には、閉鎖型任用制を特徴とする日本の官僚人事システムに適合するように、専門行政官は、採用単位や給与体系によって「仕切られた専門性」をもち、あくまで行政官僚制内部で通用する専門性をもつ一方、各職種内部で分化した専門性を連携・統合させることが期待されている。このことは、人口減少・超高齢化に伴う行政資源の利用可能性の制約に直面する日本社会において、専門人材の確保・育成という課題に示唆を与えるという意義を有している。