2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Party Competition in Contemporary Japan: An Analysis Using Exchange Network Theory and Contract Theory Incorporating Abstentionists
| Project/Area Number |
19K01483
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 06010:Politics-related
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| Research Institution | Chuo University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 選挙 / 棄権 / フォーマルモデル |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The purpose of this study has been to elucidate the mechanism of the exchange of votes and policies between voters and parties/candidates in elections in liberal democracies, using Coleman's linear model of action.
The first is the mechanism of inter-party competition. Parties sometimes split. Empirically, parties often split just before elections. We examine this situation in a formal model and find that splitting just before an election reduces the risk of losing power.Second, we examine the effect of abstention. The formal model verifies that an increase in abstentions gives an advantage to the party whose parliamentary strength is the first party at the time of the election.
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| Free Research Field |
政治過程論
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究の学術的意義は，これまでの選挙の空間理論の新しい枠組みに変換したことである．従来の選挙の空間理論は，ユークリッド空間において政策空間を設定し，政党と有権者の距離を基にモデルを作成した．
このモデルは，政党間競争，有権者の投票行動をフォーマルモデルとして考察する上で，より柔軟なモデル構築を可能にした．
本研究の意義は，コールマンの「行為の線型システム」を援用して，自由市場において投票と政策の交換を基礎とするモデルを構築したことにある．モデルから得られた「棄権の増加は選挙おいて政権与党を優位にする」という知見から考えると，本研究の社会的意義は有権者の投票行動の脆弱性を明らかにしたことである．
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