Hosotani Mechanism and Gauge-Higgs Unification

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K03873
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 15010:Theoretical studies related to particle-, nuclear-, cosmic ray and astro-physics
• Research Institution: Osaka University
• Principal Investigator: HOSOTANI Yutaka 大阪大学, 大学院理学研究科, 招へい研究員 (50324744)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 素粒子論 / 対称性の自発的破れ / 細谷機構 / 余剰次元 / ゲージヒッグス統合 / アノーマリ

Outline of Final Research Achievements

What kind of new physics is hiding behind the Higgs boson? The key issue for this query is the mechanism for spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking. In this research project a realistic gauge-Higgs unification model is constructed, in which gauge symmetry is dynamically broken by the Hosotani mechanism instead of the Higgs mechanism in the standard model. The Higgs boson in four dimensions appears as a fluctuation mode of an Aharonov-Bohm phase in the fifth dimension, whose dynamics is governed by the gauge principle. There appear Kaluza-Klein excited states of the gauge bosons in the fifth dimension, whose effects can be measured in the experiments at LHC and ILC in future.
Furthermore the phenomenon of anomaly flow by an Aharonov-Bohm phase is discovered in gauge-Higgs unification models on orbifolds. In the Randall-Sundrum warped space the holography in anomaly flow is established.

Free Research Field

素粒子物理学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

素粒子物理学における力の統一には対称性の自発的破れの機構が要となる。標準理論ではヒッグス機構により対称性が破られる。本研究ではヒッグス機構に代わって細谷機構により力学的に対称性が自発的に破れるゲージヒッグス統合理論を構築した。我々の時空には５次元目があり、ヒッグスボゾンはゲージ場の５次元目成分の一部として現れる。５次元目の存在は高エネルギー加速器実験で確かめることができる。ゲージヒッグス統合理論は高次元理論であるにもかかわらず、様々な美しい性質を持つ。