2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development of an observation system for typhoons using airborne phased-array weather radar

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19K03973
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 17020:Atmospheric and hydrospheric sciences-related
Research Institution	Nagoya University
Principal Investigator	Takahashi Nobuhiro 名古屋大学, 宇宙地球環境研究所, 教授 (60425767)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	山田広幸琉球大学, 理学部, 准教授 (30421879) 牛尾知雄大阪大学, 工学研究科, 教授 (50332961) 金田幸恵名古屋大学, 宇宙地球環境研究所, 特任助教 (80727628)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywords	台風 / 航空機観測 / フェーズドアレイレーダ / シミュレーション
Outline of Final Research Achievements	Understanding the development mechanism of typhoons and improving their predictability are required not only from the perspective of science but also from the perspective of disaster prevention. In this study, we investigated the possibility of using aircraft to observe typhoons over the ocean during their developmental stages, aiming to clarify the structure of typhoons by observing them from the viewpoint of three-dimensional structure. First, we studied the feasibility of using the phased-array weather radar, a state-of-the-art radar technology, for onboard aircraft, and demonstrated its applicability. Next, an observation simulator was developed to demonstrate the feasibility of radar observation from a moving platform (aircraft), and observation simulations were conducted based on simulated typhoon data. As a result, it was shown that three-dimensional observation was possible enough when limited to the observation around the eye of a typhoon.
Free Research Field	気象学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	わが国における台風観測は、海洋上においてはほぼ人工衛星観測に依存しているの現状であるが、より高精度な予測を行うためには、海洋上での航空機観測が必須になる。その手段の1つはドロップゾンデによる大気構造の観測であり、もう1つが台風の発達に伴って形成される降水の観測であり、本研究は後者について、現在の最新の技術による観測の可能性について、ハードウエアのフィージビリティ研究およびシミュレーションによる観測可能性について示したものであり、実現すれば台風研究に大きく貢献できる。