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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

High-frequency infrared analysis of eruption sequences: long- and short-time scale variations and precursor phenomena

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K04011
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 17040:Solid earth sciences-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Kaneko Takayuki  東京大学, 地震研究所, 准教授 (90221887)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 安田 敦  東京大学, 地震研究所, 准教授 (70222354)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords火山 / 噴火 / 衛星 / リモートセンシング / ひまわり / 赤外画像 / 熱異常 / 噴火推移
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We analyzed recent eruptions in the Asia-Pacific region based on the time-series variation of thermal anomalies obtained from satellite infrared images. We worked on extracting the characteristics of each eruption sequence and conducted comparative analyses among them. The following are specific topics: 1) Estimation of eruption sequence of the 2017 Nishinoshima activity based on the analysis of the time-series variation of the thermal anomalies using Himawari-8 and high-resolution images, 2) Observation of volcanic activity using characteristics of GCOM-C SGLI images, 3) Development of a real-time estimation method for lava effusion rate based on the thermal anomaly observed by Himawari 8, 4) Analysis of the Nishinoshima 2019-2020 activity based on the multi-satellite observations, and 5) Comparative analysis of eruption sequences of the 2018 Shinmoe-dake and the 2019 Bezymianny activities.

Free Research Field

リモートセンシングに基づく火山学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

噴火推移は,火山下のマグマ供給系や火道浅部でのプロセスが地表現象として表れたものである.従って,この全像をシステムとして理解するには,地下でのプロセスと地表現象との関係を包括的に解明する必要があり,この関係を制約する上で,地表現象である噴火推移の多様性・共通性・規則性を知ることが重要となる.本研究は,最新の衛星観測技術を用いて多数の火山を観測することにより,多くの噴火活動の全推移を短期的・微小な変動も含め捉えることを実現した.さらに,推移の共通性や活動変化の予兆シグナル等を洗い出し,原因となるメカニズムを含めて整理を進めた.これらの情報は噴火予測を行う上でも有用な情報となる.

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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