Elastic Operation of City Planning System and Local Vitalization - a Exploration of the city planning of towns and villages in prewar days

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K04638
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 22050:Civil engineering plan and transportation engineering-related
• Research Institution: Gifu University
• Principal Investigator: Demura Yoshifumi 岐阜大学, 社会システム経営学環, 教授 (90378810)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 町村都市計画 / 地域計画 / 都市経営 / 遊覧 / 都市排水 / 水陸接続 / 都市計画技師 / 自治

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to understand the ‘town and village urban planning’ system under the revised City Planning Law of 1933, to clarify the actual situation of urban development in mainly small and medium-sized municipalities in Gifu Prefecture (Takayama, Ohi, Seki, Ogaki, etc.) that were realized under the system, and to draw the intentions found in each case study and their typologies. It was confirmed that town and village urban planning was flexibly operated as a local development measure to realise urban infrastructure formation based on the urgent issues facing each municipality. During this period, the system was used as a framework for new urban policies such as wide-area tourism, as a drainage infrastructure development plan for urban areas with a view to industrial development, and as a means of acquiring industrial traffic lines linking water and land, with a shared vision between various parties.

Free Research Field

都市形成史、都市計画

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の学術的独自性は、計画制度の弾力性・可変性を積極的に捉える視点にある。すなわち、現在までに把握されている都市計画史では、1919（大正8）年に成立した制度が、次第に活用の巾を拡げて普及する成長的ストーリーとして理解されているが、実際には複合的要因によって制度と実際との均衡関係を変化させながら発展していることを捉える必要があると考えた。「都市形成」という都市運営の側面への視座を相対的に持ち、計画制度が成熟する段階において制度の軟化を経験したことを視野に入れ、地方に存在するそれぞれの中小自治体が自身の都市形成に取り組むプロセスの中に、手段としての都市計画を位置づける試みである。