The continuity between the image of the houses by the national and the prefectural governments in the settlement relocation incentive system in early 20th century, and the rural housing improvement

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K04811
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 23040:Architectural history and design-related
• Research Institution: Tokai University
• Principal Investigator: Ozawa Asae 東海大学, 建築都市学部, 教授 (70212587)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 長田 城治 郡山女子大学, 家政学部, 准教授 (70734458)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 開墾地 / 移住家屋 / 開墾地移住奨励 / 農林省 / 農村住宅改善 / 今和次郎 / 竹内芳太郎

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study declares the commitments of the several prefectures for the settlement relocation incentive system by the incentive regulation, the application form, the delivery results and the meeting records of the officers.
By the research for the application forms of the three rural organizations, Ninumaura, Ogikasiwabaru and Rokugomura hoka sankason, the actual conditions of the execution of the system and the houses in all 10 districts between the achievement by 2016-19 study, were declared. Particularly, by the research for the original drawings and documents of Shinko Nojo in Ibaraki prefecture by Kon Wajiro, the intentions of the houses were defined.

Free Research Field

日本建築史

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

従来、農村住宅改善は戦前には局所的な動向に留まり、実質的かつ全国的な成果は戦後のGHQの指導まで遅れるとされてきた。しかし本研究により、開墾地移住奨励制度が住宅建設に対する国による極めて早期の補助事業であったこと、単に開墾地の住宅や共同建造物の建設を経済的に支援するだけではなく、農村の生活環境や住環境の向上、福利厚生や相互扶助の体制構築に及んだことを明らかにした。開墾地という対象の限定はあるものの、大正後期から農林省主導で住宅改善が実行された事実は都市部における動向とも時期的に近く、農村住宅の近代化過程を正しく捉え直し、日本近代住宅史の欠落を補う意義を持つといえる。