Improving the excretion environment immediately after a disaster occurs at home and in the community by introducing compost toilets

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K04953
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 25030:Disaster prevention engineering-related
• Research Institution: Nippon Institute of Technology
• Principal Investigator: Higuchi Yoshiki 日本工業大学, 建築学部, 教授 (80644814)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: コンポストトイレ / 傾斜土槽法 / 災害用トイレ / 尿浄化

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The compost toilet that you can make yourself at low cost was proposed. In addition, since it is necessary to prevent health hazards such as stress and sleep disorders during evacuation at home, a device that enables self-monitoring of health from the fecal properties during excretion was examined. As health monitoring, we examined the discrimination of fecal properties using machine learning. The urine purification performance of Bamboo Type Slant Soil Layer Method in which kenaf was planted was also verified. It was found that planting kenaf promotes the growth of microorganisms in the device and promotes the decomposition of organic matter and the nitrification effect. With these proposals, it will be possible to protect people's lives during the period from immediately after a disaster to the addition of temporary toilets.

Free Research Field

環境共生

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

現在、災害発生直後から仮設トイレが増設されるまでの期間の排泄環境を整備することが喫緊の課題となっている。本研究課題により、仮設トイレやマンホールトイレが整備されるまでの生活を守ることが可能となる。さらには、各家庭で災害用トイレの備蓄率が増えることで、自宅での在宅避難が可能となる世帯も増えると考えている。それにより、避難所のトイレ利用の負荷が低くなり、避難所生活の衛生面の改善にも大きく寄与できる。また、コンポストトイレと傾斜土槽法の組み合わせによる避難生活時の排泄環境整備に可能性を示すことができた。