Basic researches toward diploid F1 breeding in potato

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K05962
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 39010:Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
• Research Institution: Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
• Principal Investigator: Hosaka Kazuyoshi 帯広畜産大学, その他部局等, 特任教授 (60222428)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 實友 玲奈 帯広畜産大学, その他部局等, 助教 (20716378)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: バレイショ / 2倍体F1育種 / Sli遺伝子 / 雑種強勢 / 近交弱勢 / 純系

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The Sli gene functions to break self-incompatibility system and to induce self-compatibility in diploid potatoes. In this study, we continued selfing and finally identified a highly homozygous diploid potato (pure line) among tenth-generation selfed progeny. The S10 plants suffered severe inbreeding depression in terms of fertility and vigor, showing a small number of mature flowers and extremely slow growth. In F1 hybrids between pure lines showed remarkable hybrid vigor in above-ground growth and fertility. However, in terms of tuber yield, haploid Solanum tuberosum and its hybrids were superior to the hybrids between pure lines. Therefore, a pure line-based heterotic effect, combined with S. tuberosum-derived high yielding ability, would result in agronomically acceptable levels of genetic uniformity and tuber yield, leading to successful inbred-based F1 hybrid breeding of potato.

Free Research Field

バレイショ遺伝資源開発学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は、Sli遺伝子を使うことにより2倍体バレイショでのF1育種を可能とし、従来品種並みの収量も期待できることを示唆した。2倍体を用いることにより、遺伝分析が容易となり計画的育種が可能となることから育種年限の短縮につながる。また、種イモで栽培する従来農法から、真正種子で栽培する農法へと転換すると、種イモの生産・貯蔵・流通におけるコストを大きく下げその経済効果は計り知れないものがある。